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Solvent Black 3 is an azo dye. [1] It is a non-fluorescent, relatively thermostable lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for staining of neutral triglycerides and lipids on frozen sections and some lipoproteins on paraffin sections. It has the appearance of a dark brown to black powder with maximum absorption at 596–605 nm and melting ...
A lysochrome is a soluble dye used for histochemical staining of lipids, which include triglycerides, fatty acids, and lipoproteins. Lysochromes such as Sudan IV dissolve in the lipid and show up as colored regions. The dye does not stick to any other substrates, so a quantification or qualification of lipid presence can be obtained.
Oil Red O (Solvent Red 27, Sudan Red 5B, C.I. 26125, C 26 H 24 N 4 O) is a lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for staining of neutral triglycerides and lipids on frozen sections and some lipoproteins on paraffin sections. It has the appearance of a red powder with an absorbance maximum at 518 nanometers. [1]
Lipids are stained with fat soluble dyes like Sudan black. On application of Sudan black-B dyes move into lipids and are retained there while cytoplasm is counter stained with safranin. To detect the presence of lipids in cell wall, cell membrane or fat globules (PHB in cytoplasm) Lipid granules: Deep blue, Cytoplasm: Light pink 12
Sudan stains and Sudan dyes are synthetic organic compounds that are used as dyes for various plastics (plastic colorants) and are also used to stain sudanophilic biological samples, usually lipids. Sudan II , Sudan III , Sudan IV , Oil Red O , and Sudan Black B are important members of this class of compounds (see images below).
Nile red (also known as Nile blue oxazone) is a lipophilic stain. Nile red stains intracellular lipid droplets yellow. In most polar solvents, Nile red will not fluoresce; however, when in a lipid-rich environment, it can be intensely fluorescent, with varying colors from deep red (for polar membrane lipid) to strong yellow-gold emission (for neutral lipid in intracellular storages).
Sudan IV (C 24 H 20 N 4 O) is a lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for the staining of lipids, triglycerides and lipoproteins on frozen paraffin sections. It has the appearance of reddish brown crystals with melting point 199 °C and maximum absorption at 520(357) nm. Sudan IV is one of the dyes used for Sudan staining.
Sudan III is a dye used for Sudan staining. Similar dyes include Oil Red O, Sudan IV, and Sudan Black B. They are used for staining of triglycerides in frozen sections, and some protein bound lipids and lipoproteins on paraffin sections. It has the appearance of reddish brown crystals and a maximum absorption at 507(304) nm. [6]