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In Roman mythology, Athena was identified with Minerva, who shared many of the traits and characteristics of her Greek counterpart. [14] In relating the Judgement of Paris for Roman audiences, Ovid varies from the Greek traditions regarding Athena by describing Juno, Minerva, and Venus, stripped naked for the Trojan prince's evaluation. [15]
Minerva was the goddess of wisdom, war, art, schools, justice and commerce. She was the Etruscan counterpart to Greek Athena. Like Athena, Minerva burst from the head of her father, Jupiter (Greek Zeus), who had devoured her mother (Metis) in an unsuccessful attempt to prevent her birth.
Athena [b] or Athene, [c] often given the epithet Pallas, [d] is an ancient Greek goddess associated with wisdom, warfare, and handicraft [2] who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva. [3] Athena was regarded as the patron and protectress of various cities across Greece, particularly the city of Athens, from which she most likely ...
God of war, violence, bloodshed and manly virtues. The son of Zeus and Hera, all the other gods despised him except Aphrodite. His Latin name, Mars, gave us the word "martial". His symbols include the boar, serpent, dog, vulture, spear, and shield. Athena: Minerva: Goddess of wisdom, handicraft, and warfare. [28]
An engraving of Hermathena published in L'Ermatena by Michele Arditi (1816). Hermathena or Hermathene (Ancient Greek: Ἑρμαθήνη) was a composite statue, or rather a herm, which may have been a terminal bust or a Janus-like bust, representing the Greek gods Hermes and Athena, or their Roman counterparts Mercury and Minerva.
The Greeks never attributed an association with weather to Athena, [8] making this another important difference between the two religious cults that demonstrates their separate characteristics. Menrva's name is indigenous to Italy and might even be of Etruscan origin, stemming from an Italic moon goddess, *Meneswā 'She who measures'. [9]
The Greek gods were equated with the ancient Roman deities; Zeus with Jupiter, Hera with Juno, Poseidon with Neptune, Aphrodite with Venus, Ares with Mars, Artemis with Diana, Athena with Minerva, Hermes with Mercury, Hephaestus with Vulcan, Hestia with Vesta, Demeter with Ceres, Hades with Pluto, Tyche with Fortuna, and Pan with Faunus.
The goddess is depicted frontal and resting her weight on her right leg (a posture known as contrapposto), while her left leg is relaxed and bent backwards. Athena's left hand rests on her waist, while her head is turned to the left and up. [2] Athena's helmet is of the Corinthian type, and she is wearing a veil and short chiton. [3]