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A model of a settlement of the Middle Neolithic in the Yellow River Valley. Nanzhuangtou (various datings for beginning and end, between 10600 BC and 7500 BC) Peiligang culture (7000 BC – 5000 BC) [2] Cishan culture (6500 BC – 5000 BC) Dadiwan culture (6000 BC – 5000 BC) Beixin culture (6000 BC – 5000 BC) Yangshao culture (5000 BC ...
Banpo is a Neolithic archaeological site located in the Yellow River valley, east of present-day Xi'an, China.Discovered in 1953 by Shi Xingbang, [1] the site represents the first phase of the Yangshao culture (c. 5000 – c. 3000 BCE) and features the remains of several well organized settlements—including Jiangzhai, which has been radiocarbon dated to c. 4700 – c. 3600 BCE).
The first wall of rammed earth in China was built around the settlement of Xishan (25 ha) in central Henan (near modern Zhengzhou). [ 22 ] The Majiayao culture ( c. 3300 – c. 2000 BC ) to the west is now considered a separate culture that developed from the middle Yangshao culture through an intermediate Shilingxia phase.
The Jiangzhai site is located on the east bank of the Lin River in Lintong District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, only 15 km (9.3 mi) east of the Banpo site and about 30 km (19 mi) from the center of Xi'an. Excavated between 1972 and 1979, it is a prehistoric settlement site of the Neolithic period in the Yellow River basin.
Jiahu (Chinese: 賈湖) was the site of a Neolithic settlement based in the central plain of ancient China, near the Yellow River.It is located between the floodplains of the Ni River to the north, and the Sha River to the south, 22 km (14 mi) north of modern Wuyang in Henan. [1]
The oldest bronze object found in China was a knife found at a Majiayao site in Dongxiang, Gansu, and dated to 2900–2740 BC. [25] Further copper and bronze objects have been found at Machang-period sites in Gansu. [26] Metallurgy spread to the middle and lower Yellow River region in the late 3rd millennium BC. [27]
A river valley civilization is an agricultural nation or civilization situated beside and drawing sustenance from a river. A river gives the inhabitants a reliable source of water for drinking and agriculture. Some other possible benefits for the inhabitants are fishing, fertile soil due to annual flooding, and ease of transportation.
The part of the North China Plain around the banks of the middle and lower Yellow River is commonly referred to as the Central Plain (pinyin: Zhōngyuán). This portion of the North China Plain formed the cradle of Chinese civilization, and is the region from which the Han Chinese people emerged. [1] [2]