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There is the qualitative rule that states that the greater the difference in the electronegativity of two metals, the greater the heat of formation - and hence the stability. Then there is the Hume-Rothery rule , which states that two metals that differ by more than 15% in their atomic radius will not form substitutional solid solutions.
Table of specific heat capacities at 25 °C (298 K) unless otherwise noted. [citation needed] Notable minima and maxima are shown in maroon. Substance Phase Isobaric mass heat capacity c P J⋅g −1 ⋅K −1 Molar heat capacity, C P,m and C V,m J⋅mol −1 ⋅K −1 Isobaric volumetric heat capacity C P,v J⋅cm −3 ⋅K −1 Isochoric ...
of formation, Δ f H o solid? kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o solid? J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p? J/(mol K) Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid? kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 117.8 J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p: 67.4 J/(mol K) Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o gas +52.47 kJ ...
The central result of classical nucleation theory is a prediction for the rate of nucleation , in units of (number of events)/(volume·time). For instance, a rate R = 1000 m − 3 s − 1 {\displaystyle R=1000\ {\text{m}}^{-3}{\text{s}}^{-1}} in a supersaturated vapor would correspond to an average of 1000 droplets nucleating in a volume of 1 ...
of formation, Δ f H o solid? kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o solid? J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p? J/(mol K) Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid? kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 126.7 J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p: 68.5 J/(mol K) at −179 °C Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o ...
Heat capacity, c p: 118.4 J/(mol K) at 0 °C Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid +48.7 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 173.26 J/(mol K) Enthalpy of combustion, Δ c H o –3273 kJ/mol Heat capacity, [2] c p: 134.8 J/(mol K) Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o gas +82.93 kJ/mol ...
Quantum chemistry composite methods (also referred to as thermochemical recipes) [1] [2] are computational chemistry methods that aim for high accuracy by combining the results of several calculations. They combine methods with a high level of theory and a small basis set with methods that employ lower levels of theory with larger basis sets ...
The Clausius theorem is a mathematical representation of the second law of thermodynamics. It was developed by Rudolf Clausius who intended to explain the relationship between the heat flow in a system and the entropy of the system and its surroundings. Clausius developed this in his efforts to explain entropy and define it quantitatively.