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All married women who were participants in this study in Iran have experienced 7.4% of the 9 categories of abuse. The likelihood of being subject to violence varied: The more children in a family or the more rural the family lived, the greater the likelihood of domestic violence; Educated and career women were less likely to be victims of abuse.
Although Islam permits women to divorce for domestic violence, they are subject to the laws of their nation, which might make it quite difficult for a woman to obtain a divorce. [311] [312] [313] In deference to Surah 4:34, many nations with Shari'a law have refused to consider or prosecute cases of domestic abuse. [314] [315] [316]
The culture of education for women was established by the time of the revolution so that even after the revolution, large numbers of women entered civil service and higher education, [51] After the 1989 Iranian constitutional referendum, changes resulted in an improvement in the lives and opportunities of women. [52]
Most of the women in the Quran are represented as either mothers or wives of leaders or prophets. They retained a certain amount of autonomy from men in some respects; for example, the Quran describes women who converted to Islam before their husbands or women who took an independent oath of allegiance to Muhammad. [1]
Women, however, did not hold religious titles, but some held political power with their husbands or on their own. The historic role of women in Islam is connected to societal patriarchal ideals, rather than actual ties to the Quran. The issue of women in Islam is becoming more prevalent in modern society. [172]
By the late Middle Ages, indulgences were used to support charities for the public good, including hospitals. [8] However, the abuse of indulgences, mainly through commercialization, had become a serious problem which the church recognized but was unable to restrain effectively. [9]
A women's magazine and a women's organization to protect girls and women from abuse and domestic violence were also founded by Queen Soraya, argued by some to be the Muslim world's first feminist. She also arranged for young Afghan men and women to take higher education abroad.
[8] Brooks argued that because women in Islam gained the right to divorce and get inheritance, they had actually obtained rights in early Islam. [ 9 ] People chronicled in the book include women working for Hezbollah , a Saudi businesswoman, the United Arab Emirates 's first female soldier, [ 5 ] and a female American expatriate married to an ...