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In finance, bond convexity is a measure of the non-linear relationship of bond prices to changes in interest rates, and is defined as the second derivative of the price of the bond with respect to interest rates (duration is the first derivative). In general, the higher the duration, the more sensitive the bond price is to the change in ...
This angle may be calculated from the dot product of the two vectors, defined as a ⋅ b = ‖ a ‖ ‖ b ‖ cos θ where ‖ a ‖ denotes the length of vector a. As shown in the diagram, the dot product here is –1 and the length of each vector is √ 3, so that cos θ = – 1 / 3 and the tetrahedral bond angle θ = arccos ...
Another example is O(SiH 3) 2 with an Si–O–Si angle of 144.1°, which compares to the angles in Cl 2 O (110.9°), (CH 3) 2 O (111.7°), and N(CH 3) 3 (110.9°). [24] Gillespie and Robinson rationalize the Si–O–Si bond angle based on the observed ability of a ligand's lone pair to most greatly repel other electron pairs when the ligand ...
Molecular geometries can be specified in terms of 'bond lengths', 'bond angles' and 'torsional angles'. The bond length is defined to be the average distance between the nuclei of two atoms bonded together in any given molecule. A bond angle is the angle formed between three atoms across at least two bonds.
Bond angle. The Kuhn length is a theoretical treatment, developed by Werner Kuhn, in which a real polymer chain is considered as a collection of Kuhn segments each with a Kuhn length . Each Kuhn segment can be thought of as if they are freely jointed with each other.
In chemistry, the Z-matrix is a way to represent a system built of atoms.A Z-matrix is also known as an internal coordinate representation.It provides a description of each atom in a molecule in terms of its atomic number, bond length, bond angle, and dihedral angle, the so-called internal coordinates, [1] [2] although it is not always the case that a Z-matrix will give information regarding ...
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[5] [20] Bond angle has a proportional relationship with s character and an inverse relationship with p character. [5] Thus, as substituents become more electronegative, the bond angle of the molecule should decrease. Dimethyl ether, methanol, water and oxygen difluoride follow this trend as expected (as is shown in the table above).