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The term cosmology was first used in English in 1656 in Thomas Blount's Glossographia, [2] and in 1731 taken up in Latin by German philosopher Christian Wolff in Cosmologia Generalis. [3] Religious or mythological cosmology is a body of beliefs based on mythological, religious, and esoteric literature and traditions of creation myths and ...
In modern physical cosmology, the cosmological principle is the notion that the spatial distribution of matter in the universe is uniformly isotropic and homogeneous when viewed on a large enough scale, since the forces are expected to act equally throughout the universe on a large scale, and should, therefore, produce no observable inequalities in the large-scale structuring over the course ...
In standard cosmology, there are three components of the universe: matter, radiation, and dark energy. This matter is anything whose energy density scales with the inverse cube of the scale factor, i.e., ρ ∝ a −3, while radiation is anything whose energy density scales to the inverse fourth power of the scale factor (ρ ∝ a −4).
k = +1, 0 or −1 depending on whether the shape of the universe is a closed 3-sphere, flat (Euclidean space) or an open 3-hyperboloid, respectively. [4] If k = +1, then a is the radius of curvature of the universe. If k = 0, then a may be fixed to any arbitrary positive number at one particular time.
Plasma cosmology – a non-standard cosmology whose central postulate is that the dynamics of ionized gases and plasmas, rather than gravity, play the dominant roles in the formation, development, and evolution of astronomical bodies and large-scale structures in the universe.
The standard model of cosmology, the Lambda-CDM model, assumes the Copernican principle and the more general cosmological principle. Some cosmologists and theoretical physicists have created models without the cosmological or Copernican principles to constrain the values of observational results, to address specific known issues in the Lambda ...
The basic definition of Cosmology is the science of the origin and development of the universe. In modern astronomy, the Big Bang theory is the dominant postulation. Philosophy of cosmology is an expanding discipline, directed to the conceptual foundations of cosmology and the philosophical contemplation of the universe as a totality.
Physical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models. A cosmological model , or simply cosmology , provides a description of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and allows study of fundamental questions about its origin , structure, evolution , and ultimate fate . [ 1 ]