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Moist heat sterilization processes sterilize using hot air that is heavily laden with water vapor, which plays the most important role in the sterilization. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Boiling a sample for 30 minutes or more will kill virtually all vegetative cells present, but will not kill spores , which can germinate shortly thereafter and resume growth.
Steam sterilization, also known as moist heat sterilization, uses heated saturated steam under pressure to inactivate or kill microorganisms via denaturation of macromolecules, primarily proteins. [13] This method is a faster process than dry heat sterilization.
Tyndallization is a process from the nineteenth century for sterilizing substances, usually food, named after its inventor John Tyndall, that can be used to kill heat-resistant endospores. Although now considered dated, it is still occasionally used. [citation needed]
The proper time and temperature for dry heat sterilization is 160 °C (320 °F) for 2 hours or 170 °C (340 °F) for 1 hour, and in the case of High Velocity Hot Air sterilisers, 190°C (375°F) for 6 to 12 minutes. [3] Items should be dry before sterilization since water will interfere with the process.
ISO 11138-3:2017 Part 3: Biological indicators for moist heat sterilization processes; ISO 11138-4:2017 Part 4: Biological indicators for dry heat sterilization processes; ISO 11138-5:2017 Part 5: Biological indicators for low-temperature steam and formaldehyde sterilization processes; ISO/TS 11139:2006 Sterilization of health care products ...
A BIER vessel evaluates the resistance of biological indicators to moist heat sterilization. [1] For example, if a 90% reduction is determined to be 5 minutes for the microorganism being evaluated, then a D-value of 5 is assigned.
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Some computer-controlled autoclaves use an F 0 (F-nought) value to control the sterilization cycle. F 0 values are set for the number of minutes of sterilization equivalent to 121 °C (250 °F) at 103 kPa (14.9 psi) above atmospheric pressure for 15 minutes. Since exact temperature control is difficult, the temperature is monitored, and the ...
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