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Commercially important species include two species of Homarus from the northern Atlantic Ocean and scampi (which look more like a shrimp, or a "mini lobster")—the Northern Hemisphere genus Nephrops and the Southern Hemisphere genus Metanephrops. [citation needed]
Homarus is a genus of lobsters, which include the common and commercially significant species Homarus americanus (the American lobster) and Homarus gammarus (the European lobster). [1] The Cape lobster, which was formerly in this genus as H. capensis, was moved in 1995 to the new genus Homarinus. [2]
On this European lobster, the right claw (on the left side of the image) is the crusher and the left claw is the cutter.. Homarus gammarus is a large crustacean, with a body length up to 60 centimetres (24 in) and weighing up to 5–6 kilograms (11–13 lb), although the lobsters caught in lobster pots are usually 23–38 cm (9–15 in) long and weigh 0.7–2.2 kg (1.5–4.9 lb). [3]
The American lobster was given its current scientific name of Homarus americanus by Henri Milne-Edwards in his 1837 work Histoire naturelle des Crustacés ("Natural History of the Crustacea"). [2] The common name preferred by the Food and Agriculture Organization is "American lobster", but the species is also known locally as the "northern ...
Nephrops norvegicus at Cretaquarium in Greece. Nephrops norvegicus has the typical body shape of a lobster, albeit narrower than the large genus Homarus. [3] It is pale orange in colour, and grows to a typical length of 18–20 centimetres (7–8 in), or exceptionally 25 cm (10 in) long, including the tail and claws. [4]
The name derives from the small Italian port of Palinuro, which was known for harvesting the European spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas) in ancient Roman times. The town itself was named for the legendary figure of Palinurus, who was a helmsman in Virgil's Æneid. In total, 12 extant genera are recognised, containing around 60 living species: [4 ...
Palinurus elephas is a commonly caught species of spiny lobster from the East Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.Its common names include European spiny lobster, [2] crayfish or cray (in Ireland), crawfish (in England), common spiny lobster, [3] Mediterranean lobster [4] and red lobster.
Panulirus homarus is a species of spiny lobster that lives along the coasts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It lives in shallow water, and feeds on the brown mussel Perna perna . It typically grows to a length of 20–25 cm (7.9–9.8 in).