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Most of the changes of virilization are produced by androgens. Virilization is a medical term commonly used in three medical and biology of sex contexts: prenatal biological sexual differentiation , the postnatal changes of typical chromosomal male (46, XY) puberty , and excessive androgen effects in typical chromosomal females (46, XX).
Mutations in genes such as LIN28, [25] [26] and LEP and LEPR, which encode leptin and the leptin receptor, [27] have been associated with precocious puberty. The association between LIN28 and puberty timing was validated experimentally in vivo, when it was found that mice with ectopic over-expression of LIN28 show an extended period of pre ...
Familial male-limited precocious puberty, often abbreviated as FMPP, also known as familial sexual precocity or gonadotropin-independent testotoxicosis, [1] is a form of gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty in which boys experience early onset and progression of puberty. [2] Signs of puberty can develop as early as an age of 1 year.
Hair colors can change well into puberty, as some genes aren't "switched on" until the hormones flood the body in adolescence. Eventually, usually in the 30s, human hair stops producing melanin ...
Somel et al. said that 48% of the genes that affect the development of the prefrontal cortex change with age differently between humans and chimpanzees. Somel et al. said that there is a "significant excess of genes" related to the development of the prefrontal cortex that show "neotenic expression in humans" relative to chimpanzees and rhesus ...
A complementary way to describe effects of individual genetic variants is in how much change one expects on the behavioural outcome given a change in the number of risk alleles an individual harbours, often denoted by the Greek letter (denoting the slope in a regression equation), or, in the case of binary disease outcomes by the odds ratio of ...
5α-reductase deficiency (5-ARD) – an autosomal recessive condition caused by a mutation of the 5-alpha reductase type 2 gene. It only affects people with Y chromosomes, namely genetic males. People with this condition are fertile, with the ability to father children, but may be raised as females due to ambiguous or feminized genitalia. [18] [19]
Angelman syndrome results from a loss of gene activity in a specific part of chromosome 15, the 15q11-q13 region. This region contains a gene called UBE3A that, when mutated or absent, likely causes the characteristic features of this condition. People normally have two copies of the UBE3A gene, one from each parent.