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The Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act (AWPA or MSPA) (public law 97-470) (January 14, 1983), codified at 29 U.S.C. §§ 1801-1872, is the main federal law that protects farm workers in the United States and repealed and replaced the Farm Labor Contractor Registration Act (P.L. 88-582).
The Food Security Act of 1985 (P.L. 99–198, also known as the 1985 U.S. Farm Bill), a five-year omnibus farm bill, allowed lower commodity price, income supports, and established a dairy herd buyout program. This 1985 farm bill made changes in a variety of other USDA programs.
Sod is grown on specialist farms. For 2009, the United States Department of Agriculture reported 1,412 farms had 368,188 acres (149,000.4 ha) of sod in production. [9]It is usually grown locally (within 100 miles of the target market) [10] to minimize both the cost of transport and also the risk of damage to the product.
The percentage of Americans who live on a farm diminished from nearly 25% during the Great Depression to about 2% now, [8] and only 0.1% of the United States population works full-time on a farm. As the agribusiness lobby grows to near $60 million per year, [ 9 ] the interests of agricultural corporations remain highly represented.
Some jurisdictions further subdivide agricultural zones to distinguish industrial farming from uses like rural residence farms and retirement farms on large lots. [3] One example of such zoning is the Agricultural Reserve in Montgomery County, Maryland. The reserve was established in 1980 to preserve farmland and rural space. [4]
AFT has helped shape U.S. farm bills since the 1980s. [17] AFT published the policy document Soil Conservation in America: What Do We Have to Lose? in 1984 and was a member of the conservation coalition that played a significant role in the development of the Food Security Act of 1985 [18] which established the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP).
The 2014 Farm Bill made TAP a permanent disaster program and provided retroactive authority to cover eligible losses back to Oct. 1, 2011. [11] The bill places income caps on farm subsidies, has a price support program for dairy farmers and ends direct payment subsidies, which paid farmers whether or not they actually grew any crops. [9]
The Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973 (P.L. 93-86, also known as the 1973 U.S. Farm Bill) was the 4-year farm bill that adopted target prices and deficiency payments as a tool that would support farm income but reduce forfeitures to the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) of surplus stocks.