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  2. Swiss neutrality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_neutrality

    [13]: 245 During the Restoration, the Swiss Confederation's constitution and the Treaty of Paris's Act on the Neutrality of Switzerland affirmed Swiss neutrality. [12] [13]: 246 [15] The dating of neutrality to 1516 is disputed by modern historians. Prior to 1895, no historian referenced the Battle of Marignano as the beginning of neutrality.

  3. Switzerland during the world wars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland_during_the...

    In World War II, Switzerland, and to a lesser extent Sweden and the United States, performed these roles for both sides. When the US entered the war in late 1941, Switzerland took over its mandates. In terms of major roles Swiss diplomats had the mandate to protect Germany's interest in Britain, the United States, Yugoslavia, Turkey, and Dutch ...

  4. Grimm–Hoffmann affair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm–Hoffmann_Affair

    Robert Grimm. The Grimm–Hoffmann affair was a short-lived scandal that threatened Switzerland's neutrality during World War I. Robert Grimm, a socialist politician, travelled to the Russian Republic as an activist to negotiate a separate peace between Russia and the German Empire, in order to end the war on the Eastern Front in the interests of socialism.

  5. Military history of Switzerland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Military_history_of_Switzerland

    The military history of Switzerland comprises centuries of armed actions, and the role of the Swiss military in conflicts and peacekeeping worldwide. Despite maintaining neutrality since its independence from the Holy Roman Empire in 1499, [1] Switzerland has been involved in military operations dating back to the hiring of Swiss mercenaries by foreign nations, including the Papal States.

  6. History of Switzerland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Switzerland

    Between the Alps and a Hard Place: Switzerland in World War II and the Rewriting of History (2000) excerpt and text search; Dawson, William Harbutt. Social Switzerland: Studies of Present-day Social Movements and Legislation (1897) 302 pp; with focus on social and economic history, poverty, labour online; Fahrni, Dieter. An Outline History of ...

  7. History of Switzerland since 1914 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Switzerland...

    Map of Switzerland and Swiss cantons. The history of Switzerland since 1914 encompasses the final phase of the formation of the Confederation of 22 cantons, commencing with the aftermath of World War I and culminating in the establishment of the canton of Jura. This period also marks the subsequent trajectory of the country's history. [1]

  8. Causes of World War I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_World_War_I

    In 1900, the British had a 3.7:1 tonnage advantage over Germany; in 1910, the ratio was 2.3:1 and in 1914, it reached 2.1:1. Ferguson argues: "So decisive was the British victory in the naval arms race that it is hard to regard it as in any meaningful sense a cause of the First World War."

  9. Preparedness Movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preparedness_Movement

    [1] [2] [3] Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburgh, New York. The movement was at first opposed by President Woodrow Wilson, who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe. Several organizations were formed around the ...