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During winter months, for example, an air conditioning register can be closed to prevent cold air from being pulled from the room. This allows the hot air to mix more completely with the cold air in the room, improving the efficiency of the HVAC system. [7] (The return should be efficient enough to draw off the cooler air.) [10] [11]
The return plenum carries the air from several large return grills (vents) to a central air handler for re-heating. The supply plenum directs air from the central unit to the rooms which the system is designed to heat. Regardless of type, all air handlers consist of an air filter, blower, heat exchanger/element/coil, and various controls.
The percentage of return air made up of fresh air can usually be manipulated by adjusting the opening of this vent. Typical fresh air intake is about 10% of the total supply air. [citation needed] Air conditioning and refrigeration are provided through the removal of heat. Heat can be removed through radiation, convection, or conduction.
Displacement ventilation is best suited for taller spaces (higher than 3 meters [10 feet]). [2] Standard mixing ventilation may be better suited for smaller spaces where air quality is not as great a concern, such as single-occupant offices, and where the room height is not tall (e.g., lower than 2.3 meters [7.5 feet]).
Generally, a heat exchanger of this type discharges air from the ceiling into the cold aisle whereas the exhaust air rises into the vents in the ceiling; in Close Coupled system cases, the units are positioned directly above the servers, making the cold air delivery and hot air return much more precise.
Displacement ventilation systems supply air directly to the occupied zone.The air is supplied at low velocities to cause minimal induction and mixing. This system is used for ventilation and cooling of large high spaces, such as auditorium and atria, where energy may be saved if only the occupied zone is treated rather than trying to control the conditions in the entire space.
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