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Some railways, primarily in the northeast, used standard gauge of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm); others used gauges ranging from 2 ft (610 mm) to 6 ft (1,829 mm). As a general rule, southern railroads were built to one or another broad gauge, mostly 5 ft (1,524 mm), while northern railroads that were not standard-gauge tended to be narrow-gauge.
2 ft 6 in: See 2 ft 6 in gauge railways: 765 mm 3 ft 6 in: DR Congo: Matadi–Kinshasa Railway, converted to 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) 1925–1931. [70] Denmark: See Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark: 775 mm: 2 ft 6 + 1 ⁄ 2 in: England: Jee's Hartshill Granite Quarry [71] Germany Bombergbahn , a funicular a funicular in Bad Pyrmont: 785 mm 2 ft 6 ...
If the difference between the two gauges is large enough – for example between 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) – three-rail dual-gauge is possible, but if not – for example between 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) metre gauge – four rails must be used. Dual-gauge rail lines ...
The owners of the Buffalo and State Line Railroad were able to acquire 2 ⁄ 3 of the Erie and North East's stock, [1] and on November 16, 1853, they announced that they would re-lay the 6 ft (1,829 mm) track between Erie and the New York border using the narrower Ohio gauge, [5] but four months earlier, to try to prevent the change, Erie's ...
The gauge is set by the positioning of the cast-in fixings, so it is not a simple task to re-gauge existing track; it also creates problems with spot replacement of sleepers. Many sleepers were made with the reduced track gauge but 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge versions have also been manufactured in more recent times. [27]
A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) used by standard-gauge railways.. Broad gauge of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in), more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries (CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia, Ukraine) and Mongolia.
The vast majority of North American railroads are standard gauge (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in / 1,435 mm).Exceptions include some streetcar, subway and rapid transit systems, mining and tunneling operations, and some narrow-gauge lines particularly in the west, e.g. the isolated White Pass and Yukon Route system, and the former Newfoundland Railway.
Modern national railroad network; see Track gauge in the United States; The Washington Metro uses 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (1,429 mm) gauge, which is 6 mm (0.24 in) narrower than standard gauge. The Bay Area Rapid Transit system uses 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm). The San Francisco cable car system uses 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm).