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Intel High Definition Audio (IHDA) (also called HD Audio or development codename Azalia) is a specification for the audio sub-system of personal computers. It was released by Intel in 2004 as the successor to their AC'97 PC audio standard.
Three classes of audio devices are supported by default: USB, IEEE 1394 , and Intel High Definition Audio, which supports PCI and PCI Express. Starting with Windows Vista, Microsoft requires all computer and audio device manufacturers to support Universal Audio Architecture in order to pass Windows Logo certification.
Examples include home theater audio-visual receivers that separate and amplify the audio signal, while re-transmitting the video for display on a TV. A repeater could also simply send the input data stream to multiple outputs for simultaneous display on several screens. [4] Each device may contain one or more HDCP transmitters and/or receivers.
High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is a compact audio/video standard for transmitting uncompressed digital data. There are three HDMI connector types. Type A and Type B were defined by the HDMI 1.0 specification. Type C was defined by the HDMI 1.3 specification.
As an example, assume the case of Wake-on-LAN. Traditionally, the OS controls Wake-on-LAN and must call third-party device drivers to enable support on a network card. With the HECI bus, the host is able to assert its request line (REQ#), the ME will assert its grant line (GNT#), and the host can send its message using its serial transmit signal.
an AC'97 digital controller (DC97), which is typically built into the southbridge of the chipset, and; an AC'97 audio and/or modem codec, available from several vendors, which contains the analog components of the architecture. AC'97 defines a high-quality, 16- or 24-bit audio architecture with 5.1 surround sound support for the PC.
HD Audio support in the 1xx3 improved through the chipset's life with several revisions. The DD and CC versions of the chipset both added full 7.1 HD-audio support to the chipset. The 1073 players all built on a common SDK (firmware+OS) provided by Realtek. This meant that they were all essentially similar in performance and interface.
Turbo coding is an iterated soft-decoding scheme that combines two or more relatively simple convolutional codes and an interleaver to produce a block code that can perform to within a fraction of a decibel of the Shannon limit.