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Intel High Definition Audio (IHDA) (also called HD Audio or development codename Azalia) is a specification for the audio sub-system of personal computers. It was released by Intel in 2004 as the successor to their AC'97 PC audio standard.
The audio/modem riser (AMR) is a riser expansion slot found on the motherboards of some Pentium III, Pentium 4, Duron, and Athlon personal computers. It was designed by Intel to interface with chipsets and provide analog functionality, such as sound cards and modems , on an expansion card.
A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under the control of computer programs. The term sound card is also applied to external audio interfaces used for professional audio applications.
The other component of the chipset is the northbridge, which generally handles high speed onboard communications. A southbridge chipset handles functions such as USB, audio, the system firmware, the lower speed PCI/PCIe buses, the IOAPIC interrupt controller, the SATA storage, the historical PATA storage, the NVMe storage, and low speed buses ...
A technique known as stem mixing and mastering relies on the use of busses to mix tracks down to stems for processing before mixing down to the stereo bus (also called "master channel" or "2-bus"). This usually reduces the amount of processing applied to the stereo bus and increases the control the engineer has over the dynamics and levels of ...
Three classes of audio devices are supported by default: USB, IEEE 1394 , and Intel High Definition Audio, which supports PCI and PCI Express. Starting with Windows Vista, Microsoft requires all computer and audio device manufacturers to support Universal Audio Architecture in order to pass Windows Logo certification.
The Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP) is often used in conjunction with A2DP for remote control on devices such as headphones, car audio systems, or stand-alone speaker units. These systems often also implement Headset (HSP) or Hands-Free (HFP) profiles for telephone calls, which may be used separately.
In 2004, Intel released Intel High Definition Audio (HD Audio) which is a successor that is not backward compatible with AC'97. [2] HD Audio has the capability to define up to 15 output channels, but in practice most motherboards provide no more than 8 channels ( 7.1 surround sound ).