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A urethral stricture is a narrowing of the urethra, the tube connected to the bladder that allows urination. The narrowing reduces the flow of urine and makes it more difficult or even painful to empty the bladder. [1] Urethral stricture is caused by injury, instrumentation, infection, and certain non-infectious forms of urethritis. The ...
In medicine, a sound (/ s aʊ n d /), also called a sonde (/ s ɒ n d /), [help 1] is an instrument for probing and dilating passages within the body, the best-known examples of which are urethral sounds and uterine sounds.
Urethral sounding is the practice of inserting objects (typically made by metal or silicone) into the urethra for sexual gratification. [1] Urethral dilatation is a urological procedure that uses probes called sounds to enlarge the inside diameter of the urethra and locate obstructions in the urethra, or as a treatment for urethral strictures.
An esophageal food bolus obstruction is a medical emergency caused by the obstruction of the esophagus by an ingested foreign body.. It is usually associated with diseases that may narrow the lumen of the esophagus, such as eosinophilic esophagitis, Schatzki rings, peptic strictures, webs, or cancers of the esophagus; rarely it can be seen in disorders of the movement of the esophagus, such as ...
It is also sometimes called a stricture (as in urethral stricture). [ 3 ] Stricture as a term is usually used when narrowing is caused by contraction of smooth muscle (e.g. achalasia , prinzmetal angina ); stenosis is usually used when narrowing is caused by lesion that reduces the space of lumen (e.g. atherosclerosis ). [ 4 ]
Over-treatment: Conversely, some doctors err on the side of excessive caution, making paternalistic assumptions about older adults’ fragility. Patient invisibility: Doctors may direct questions ...
Laryngotracheal stenosis is an umbrella term for a wide and heterogeneous group of very rare conditions. The population incidence of adult post-intubation laryngotracheal stenosis which is the commonest benign sub-type of this condition is approximately 1 in 200,000 adults per year. [10] The main causes of adult laryngotracheal stenosis are:
Patients must also be informed of longer-term complications. Anastomotic stricture has been reported in up to 50% of patients, depending on length of post-operative follow-up. Dumping syndrome, reported in up to 20% of patients, tends to be self-limiting and may be managed medically if necessary, and vagal-sparing oesophagectomy may reduce this ...
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