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The earliest cities (Latin: civitas) in Britain were the fortified settlements organised by the Romans as capitals of the Celtic tribes under Roman rule.The British clerics of the early Middle Ages later preserved a traditional list of the "28 Cities" (Old Welsh: cair) which was mentioned in De Excidio Britanniae [c] and Historia Brittonum.
This model ran into some difficulty in the 1970s as growing inflation increased the cost of new borrowing, and this complicated the impact of the programme on public finances. The corporations were in due course dissolved and their assets split between local authorities and, in England, the Commission for New Towns (later English Partnerships).
Four successful applicants in England have become cities, as well as two in Wales; in 2000 for the Millennium celebrations, the new cities were Brighton and Hove and Wolverhampton; in 2002 for the Queen's Golden Jubilee it was Preston and Newport, and in 2012 for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee it was Chelmsford and St Asaph. [36] [37] [38] [39]
The government wound up MKDC in 1992, 25 years after the new town was founded, transferring control to the Commission for New Towns (CNT) and then finally to English Partnerships, with the planning function returning to local council control (since 1974 and the Local Government Act 1972, Milton Keynes Borough (now City) Council).
It should not be confused with 'urban areas' or 'built-up areas' that are more rigorously defined by the Office for National Statistics – or even city status. Historically, the boundaries of cities within England and the United Kingdom as a whole have remained largely undefined, [citation needed] leading to difficulties in comparisons between ...
Newcastle upon Tyne, or simply Newcastle (/ nj uː ˈ k æ s əl / ⓘ new-KASS-əl, RP: / ˈ nj uː k ɑː s əl / ⓘ NEW-kah-səl), [5] is a cathedral city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. It is England's northernmost metropolitan borough, located on the River Tyne's northern bank opposite Gateshead to the south.
Open House London, now known as Open House Festival, is an annual festival celebrating the architecture and urban landscape of London. [1] It is staged by the charity Open City which campaigns to make London a more accessible, equitable and open city. [2] Starting in London in 1992 the festival has spread to over 60 of cities across the world. [3]
Leicester (/ ˈ l ɛ s t ər / ⓘ LES-tər) [7] is a city, unitary authority area, unparished area and the county town of Leicestershire in the East Midlands of England. It is the largest city in the East Midlands with a population of 373,399 in 2022. [4]