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The Tonga–Kermadec Ridge is an oceanic ridge in the south-west Pacific Ocean underlying the Tonga–Kermadec island arc.It is a result of the most linear, fastest converging, and seismically active subduction boundary on Earth, the Kermadec–Tonga subduction zone, and consequently has the highest density of submarine volcanoes.
The map data at Lau-Colville Ridge may be added even though this is a separate feature as switching logic can help with display. Because of software bugs OSM mapping does not work presently cleanly at the 180 degree east latitude unless features are duplicated.
The Kermadec–Tonga subduction zone is a convergent plate boundary that stretches from the North Island of New Zealand northward. The formation of the Kermadec and Tonga plates started about 4–5 million years ago. Today, the eastern boundary of the Tonga plate is one of the fastest subduction zones, with a rate up to 24 cm/year (9.4 in/year ...
The Tongan Volcanic Arc has been important in supplying the islands on the Tonga ridge with an andesite tephra soil that has resulted in "an extremely rich soil capable of supporting a high-yield, short-fallow agricultural system." Also, the andesite/basalt from the volcanoes were initially used as "hammerstones, weaving weights, cooking stones ...
This map can be enlarged if required. The Kermadec Trench is a linear ocean trench in the south Pacific Ocean . It stretches about 1,000 km (620 mi) from the Louisville Seamount Chain in the north (26°S) to the Hikurangi Plateau in the south (37°S), north-east of New Zealand 's North Island . [ 1 ]
The Tonga Trench constitutes the northern half of the Tonga-Kermadec subduction system, which extends 2,550 km (1,580 mi) between New Zealand and Tonga. [1] The Tonga Trench is an oceanic trench located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It is the deepest trench in the Southern hemisphere and the second deepest on Earth after the Mariana Trench.
ʻAta is about 50 km (31 mi) east of the Valu Fa Ridge [8] and compositional analysis of its volcanics have identified that these are associated with the subducted portions of the Louisville seamounts. [28] [19] Kao which has the highest point of Tonga and Tofua are about 95 km (59 mi) to the east of the most northern segment of the ELSC. [8]
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