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Atmospheric instability is a condition where the Earth's atmosphere is considered to be unstable and as a result local weather is highly variable through distance and time. [ clarification needed ] [ 1 ] Atmospheric instability encourages vertical motion, which is directly correlated to different types of weather systems and their severity.
First, the model assumes the atmosphere is composed of fluid obeying quasi-geostrophic motion. Second, the model assumes a constant Coriolis parameter . The model also assumes a constant static stability parameter and that fluctuations in the density of the air are small (obeys the Boussinesq approximation ).
A KH instability rendered visible by clouds, known as fluctus, [2] over Mount Duval in Australia A KH instability on the planet Saturn, formed at the interaction of two bands of the planet's atmosphere Kelvin-Helmholtz billows 500m deep in the Atlantic Ocean Animation of the KH instability, using a second order 2D finite volume scheme
A baroclinic instability is a fluid dynamical instability of fundamental importance in the atmosphere and ocean. It can lead to the formation of transient mesoscale eddies, with a horizontal scale of 10-100 km. [1] [2] In contrast, flows on the largest scale in the ocean are described as ocean currents, the largest scale eddies are mostly created by shearing of two ocean currents and static ...
Fluid instabilities occur in liquids, gases and plasmas, and are often characterized by the shape that form; they are studied in fluid dynamics and magnetohydrodynamics. Fluid instabilities include: Ballooning instability (some analogy to the Rayleigh–Taylor instability); found in the magnetosphere; Atmospheric instability
A good example of convective instability can be found in our own atmosphere. If dry mid-level air is drawn over very warm, moist air in the lower troposphere , a hydrolapse (an area of rapidly decreasing dew point temperatures with height) results in the region where the moist boundary layer and mid-level air meet.
As the instability grows, the center of mass of the fluid is lowered. In growing waves in the atmosphere, cold air moving downwards and equatorwards displaces the warmer air moving polewards and upwards. [citation needed] Baroclinic instability can be investigated in the laboratory using a rotating, fluid filled annulus. The annulus is heated ...
Alongside pollutant source and terrain information, these models require data about the state of the fluid flow in the atmosphere to determine its transport and diffusion. [9] Within air quality models, parameterizations take into account atmospheric emissions from multiple relatively tiny sources (e.g. roads, fields, factories) within specific ...