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The Third Macedonian War (171–168 BC) was a war fought between the Roman Republic and King Perseus of Macedon. In 179 BC, King Philip V of Macedon died and was succeeded by his ambitious son Perseus. He was anti-Roman and stirred anti-Roman feelings around Macedonia.
Livy tells us that the main part of the Macedonian line consisted of mixed groups of cavalry and light infantry: Perseus' Agema (a detachment of elite troops with both heavy and light infantry) and the "sacred" (elite) cavalry who held the centre with 400 slingers and javelin throwers in front of them.
The Battle of Pydna took place in 168 BC between Rome and Macedon during the Third Macedonian War.The battle saw the further ascendancy of Rome in the Hellenistic world and the end of the Antigonid line of kings, whose power traced back to Alexander the Great. [1]
Perseus of Macedonia was made prisoner and the Third Macedonian War ended. In 167, Paullus received the Senate's instruction to return to Rome after first pillaging Epirus, a kingdom suspected of sympathizing with the Macedonian cause. After loading the treasures in the Macedonian royal palace onto Rome-bound ships, he marched his army to ...
The Second Macedonian War (200–197 BC), during which the Romans declared "the freedom of Greece" from the Kingdom of Macedon. The Roman–Seleucid war (192–188 BC), which ended with the Treaty of Apamea. The Third Macedonian War (171–168 BC), after which Macedonian territory was divided into four Roman client republics.
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Doubting Rome's strength (not an unfounded belief given Rome's performance in the First Macedonian War) Philip ignored the request, which surprised the Romans. Believing their honor and reputation on the line, Rome escalated the conflict by sending an army of Romans and Greek allies to force the issue, beginning the Second Macedonian War. [16]
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