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Example of a Key Derivation Function chain as used in the Signal Protocol.The output of one KDF function is the input to the next KDF function in the chain. In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) is a cryptographic algorithm that derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function (which typically uses a ...
The main approach HKDF follows is the "extract-then-expand" paradigm, where the KDF logically consists of two modules: the first stage takes the input keying material and "extracts" from it a fixed-length pseudorandom key, and then the second stage "expands" this key into several additional pseudorandom keys (the output of the KDF).
hash HAS-160: 160 bits hash HAVAL: 128 to 256 bits hash JH: 224 to 512 bits hash LSH [19] 256 to 512 bits wide-pipe Merkle–Damgård construction: MD2: 128 bits hash MD4: 128 bits hash MD5: 128 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: MD6: up to 512 bits Merkle tree NLFSR (it is also a keyed hash function) RadioGatún: arbitrary ideal mangling ...
For example, if the input is 123 456 789 and the hash table size 10 000, then squaring the key produces 15 241 578 750 190 521, so the hash code is taken as the middle 4 digits of the 17-digit number (ignoring the high digit) 8750. The mid-squares method produces a reasonable hash code if there is not a lot of leading or trailing zeros in the key.
The FNV hash algorithms and reference FNV source code [4] [5] have been released into the public domain. [6] The Python programming language previously used a modified version of the FNV scheme for its default hash function. From Python 3.4, FNV has been replaced with SipHash to resist "hash flooding" denial-of-service attacks. [7]
The fat comma (also termed hash rocket in Ruby and a fat arrow in JavaScript) is a syntactic construction that appears in a position in a function call (or definition) where a comma would usually appear.
Algorithm BLAKE2b Input: M Message to be hashed cbMessageLen: Number, (0..2 128) Length of the message in bytes Key Optional 0..64 byte key cbKeyLen: Number, (0..64) Length of optional key in bytes cbHashLen: Number, (1..64) Desired hash length in bytes Output: Hash Hash of cbHashLen bytes Initialize State vector h with IV h 0..7 ← IV 0..7 ...
Cuckoo hashing is a form of open addressing in which each non-empty cell of a hash table contains a key or key–value pair.A hash function is used to determine the location for each key, and its presence in the table (or the value associated with it) can be found by examining that cell of the table.