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Natural language processing (NLP) is a subfield of computer science and especially artificial intelligence.It is primarily concerned with providing computers with the ability to process data encoded in natural language and is thus closely related to information retrieval, knowledge representation and computational linguistics, a subfield of linguistics.
The following natural-language processing toolkits are notable collections of natural-language processing software. They are suites of libraries , frameworks , and applications for symbolic, statistical natural-language and speech processing.
Timeline of natural language processing models In 1990, the Elman network , using a recurrent neural network , encoded each word in a training set as a vector, called a word embedding , and the whole vocabulary as a vector database , allowing it to perform such tasks as sequence-predictions that are beyond the power of a simple multilayer ...
The transformer has had great success in natural language processing (NLP). Many large language models such as GPT-2, GPT-3, GPT-4, AlbertAGPT, Claude, BERT, XLNet, RoBERTa and ChatGPT demonstrate the ability of transformers to perform a wide variety of NLP-related subtasks and their related real-world or practical applications, including:
Natural language generation (NLG) is a software process that produces natural language output. A widely-cited survey of NLG methods describes NLG as "the subfield of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics that is concerned with the construction of computer systems that can produce understandable texts in English or other human languages from some underlying non-linguistic ...
Question answering (QA) is a computer science discipline within the fields of information retrieval and natural language processing (NLP) that is concerned with building systems that automatically answer questions that are posed by humans in a natural language. [1]
Shannon's diagram of a general communications system, showing the process by which a message sent becomes the message received (possibly corrupted by noise). seq2seq is an approach to machine translation (or more generally, sequence transduction) with roots in information theory, where communication is understood as an encode-transmit-decode process, and machine translation can be studied as a ...
Prompt engineering is the process of structuring an instruction that can be interpreted and understood by a generative artificial intelligence (AI) model. [1] [2] A prompt is natural language text describing the task that an AI should perform. [3]
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