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Silicon ferroalloy consumption is driven by cast iron and steel production, where silicon alloys are used as deoxidizers. Some silicon metal was also used as an alloying agent with iron. On the basis of silicon content, net production of ferrosilicon and miscellaneous silicon alloys in the US was 148,000 t in 2008.
The Submerged-arc furnace for phosphorus production is a particular sub-type of electric arc furnace used to produce phosphorus and other products. Submerged arc furnaces are mainly used for the production of ferroalloys. The nomenclature submerged means that the furnace's electrodes are buried deep in the furnace burden.
There was no fundamental change in the technology of iron production in Europe for many centuries. European metal workers continued to produce iron in bloomeries. However, the Medieval period brought two developments—the use of water power in the bloomery process in various places (outlined above), and the first European production in cast iron.
An overabundance of silica is used to prevent formation of silicon carbide. Microsilica is a useful byproduct. A mineral perryite is similar to ferrosilicon, with its composition Fe 5 Si 2. In contact with water, ferrosilicon may slowly produce hydrogen. The reaction, which is accelerated in the presence of base, is used for hydrogen production.
Below is a list of commonly used metallic deoxidizers: Ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, calcium silicide - used in steelmaking in production of carbon steels, stainless steels, and other ferrous alloys; Manganese - used in steelmaking; Silicon carbide, calcium carbide - used as ladle deoxidizer in steel production
Gas burners may assist with the melt. As in BOS, fluxes are added to protect the vessel lining and help impurity removal. The furnaces are typically 100 tonne-capacity that produce steel every 40 to 50 minutes. [15] This process allows larger alloy additions than the basic oxygen method. [16]
It uses a liquid iron cathode, an anode formed from an alloy of chromium, aluminium and iron, [123] and the electrolyte is a mixture of molten metal oxides into which iron ore is dissolved. The current keeps the electrolyte molten and reduces the iron oxide. Oxygen gas is produced in addition to liquid iron.
Ferrochrome alloy. Ferrochrome or ferrochromium (FeCr) is a type of ferroalloy, that is, an alloy of chromium and iron, generally containing 50 to 70% chromium by weight. [1] [2] Ferrochrome is produced by electric arc carbothermic reduction of chromite.