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In this context, the terms string and number may be used interchangeably, since a number is actually a string of symbols, e.g. an English word (like the word "eleven" used in the paradox) while, on the other hand, it is possible to refer to any word with a number, e.g. by the number of its position in a given dictionary or by suitable encoding.
However, in 1974 Perko discovered a counterexample called the Perko pair, a pair of knots listed as distinct in tables for many years that are in fact the same. Hilbert's twenty-first problem . In 1908 Plemelj claimed to have shown the existence of Fuchsian differential equations with any given monodromy group, but in 1989 Bolibruch discovered ...
In mathematics, Pascal's triangle is an infinite triangular array of the binomial coefficients which play a crucial role in probability theory, combinatorics, and algebra.In much of the Western world, it is named after the French mathematician Blaise Pascal, although other mathematicians studied it centuries before him in Persia, [1] India, [2] China, Germany, and Italy.
According to an anecdote of uncertain reliability, [1] in primary school Carl Friedrich Gauss reinvented the formula (+) for summing the integers from 1 through , for the case =, by grouping the numbers from both ends of the sequence into pairs summing to 101 and multiplying by the number of pairs. Regardless of the truth of this story, Gauss ...
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At the end of the fourth month, the original pair has produced yet another new pair, and the pair born two months ago also produces their first pair, making 5 pairs. At the end of the n -th month, the number of pairs of rabbits is equal to the number of mature pairs (that is, the number of pairs in month n – 2 ) plus the number of pairs alive ...
These are two examples in which both the subset and the whole set are infinite, and the subset has the same cardinality (the concept that corresponds to size, that is, the number of elements, of a finite set) as the whole; such cases can run counter to one's initial intuition. The set of rational numbers is a proper subset of the set of real ...
is a sentence. This sentence means that for every y, there is an x such that =. This sentence is true for positive real numbers, false for real numbers, and true for complex numbers. However, the formula (=) is not a sentence because of the presence of the free variable y.