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The International Opium Convention (or 1912 Opium Convention) which was signed at the end of the Hague Conference, on 23 January 1912, is considered as the first international drug control treaty. It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on January 23, 1922. [ 4 ]
Articles V and VI regulated the export and transport of opium and dross. Article VII required governments to discourage the use of opium through instruction in schools, literature, and other methods. The Agreement was superseded by the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
A plaque which commemorates International Opium Commission, outside of the Peace Hotel on the Bund. The International Opium Commission was a meeting convened on February 1 to February 26, 1909 in Shanghai that represented one of the first steps toward international drug prohibition.
Following the 1909 Shanghai International Opium Commission, an International Opium Convention was adopted in 1925 and established the Permanent Central Opium Board (PCOB) which started its work in 1928. Later on, the 1931 Convention created the Drug Supervisory Body to gather estimates, in complement of the PCOB.
1912 International Opium Convention: The Hague: 23 January 1912 1919–1946 1925 Geneva Opium Agreement: Agreement concerning the Manufacture of, Internal Trade in and Use of Prepared Opium: Geneva: 11 February 1925 1926–1946 Second (Geneva) Opium Convention: 1925 International Opium Convention: Geneva: 19 February 1925 1928–1946 Limitation ...
the 1907 International Opium Convention; the 1925 Agreement concerning the Manufacture of, Internal Trade in and Use of Prepared Opium; the 1931 Convention for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs; the 1931 Agreement for the Control of Opium Smoking in the Far East; the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
The International Opium Convention, signed in The Hague in 1912 by 11 countries and entering into force in 1915, was the first stab at a comprehensive drug control treaty internationally and inspired domestic drug control laws such as the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act in the United States. [3]
In 1925, a Second Opium Convention signed in Geneva supplemented and extended that of 1912. Among others, it rendered the import certificates compulsory, and provided for more effective supervision of production and international trade. The Convention further provided for the setting up of a Permanent Central Opium Board.