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In one of the most famous reactions in chemistry, the addition of colorless aqueous silver nitrate to an equally colorless solution of sodium chloride produces an opaque white precipitate of AgCl: [14] Ag + (aq) + Cl − (aq) → AgCl(s) This conversion is a common test for the presence of chloride in solution.
Commercial reference electrodes consist of a glass or plastic tube electrode body. The electrode consists of a metallic silver wire (Ag (s)) coated with a thin layer of silver chloride (AgCl), either physically by dipping the wire in molten silver chloride, chemically by electroplating the wire in concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) [3] or electrochemically by oxidising the silver at an anode ...
A slurry of Ag 2 O is readily attacked by acids: Ag 2 O + 2 HX → 2 AgX + H 2. where HX = HF, HCl, HBr, HI, or CF 3 COOH. It will also react with solutions of alkali chlorides to precipitate silver chloride, leaving a solution of the corresponding alkali hydroxide. [13] [14]
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
This group can be determined by adding the salt in water and then adding dilute hydrochloric acid. A white precipitate is formed, to which ammonia is then added. If the precipitate is insoluble, then Pb 2+ is present; if the precipitate is soluble, then Ag + is present, and if the white precipitate turns black, then Hg 2+ 2 is present. Hg 2+
Packing of ions in solid silver sulfate. Color code: red = O, yellow = S, gray = Ag. Silver sulfate precipitates when an aqueous solution of silver nitrate is treated with sulfuric acid: 2 AgNO 3 + H 2 SO 4 → Ag 2 SO 4 + 2 HNO 3. It is purified by recrystallization from concentrated sulfuric acid, a step that expels traces of nitrate. [7]
4 (aq) → Ag 2 CrO 4 (s) (K sp = 1.1 × 10 −12) The solution needs to be near neutral, because silver hydroxide forms at high pH, while the chromate forms Ag 2 Cr 2 O 7 or AgHCrO4 at low pH, reducing the concentration of chromate ions, and delaying the formation of the precipitate. Carbonates and phosphates precipitate with silver, and need ...
In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the "sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution". [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The solid formed is called the precipitate . [ 3 ] In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is called the precipitant .