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The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction, forming an ether from an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol . This reaction was developed by Alexander Williamson in 1850. [ 2 ] Typically it involves the reaction of an alkoxide ion with a primary alkyl halide via an S N 2 reaction .
Usually phenol ethers are synthesized through the condensation of phenol and an organic alcohol; however, other known reactions regarding the synthesis of ethers can be applied to phenol ethers as well. Anisole (C 6 H 5 OCH 3) is the simplest phenol ether, and is a versatile precursor for perfumes and pharmaceuticals. [1]
Alexander Williamson. Williamson is credited for his research on the formation of unsymmetrical ethers by the interaction of an alkoxide with a haloalkane, known as the Williamson ether synthesis. He regarded ethers and alcohols as substances analogous to and built up on the same type as water, and he further introduced the water-type as a ...
This reaction, the Williamson ether synthesis, involves treatment of a parent alcohol with a strong base to form the alkoxide, followed by addition of an appropriate aliphatic compound bearing a suitable leaving group (R–X). Although popular in textbooks, the method is usually impractical on scale because it cogenerates significant waste.
Alcohols alkylate to give ethers: + ′ ′ When the alkylating agent is an alkyl halide, the conversion is called the Williamson ether synthesis. Alcohols are also good alkylating agents in the presence of suitable acid catalysts.
This reaction is the reverse of the formation reaction from an epoxide and can be considered a variant of the Williamson ether synthesis. Most of the world's supply of propylene oxide arises via this route. [7] Such reactions can form the basis of more complicated processes, for example epoxide formation is one of the key steps in the Darzens ...
The last image we have of Patrick Cagey is of his first moments as a free man. He has just walked out of a 30-day drug treatment center in Georgetown, Kentucky, dressed in gym clothes and carrying a Nike duffel bag.
18-Crown-6 can be synthesized by the Williamson ether synthesis using potassium ion as the template cation. Structure of nickel-aquo nitrate complex of the ligand derived from the templated trimerization of 2-aminobenzaldehyde. [5] The phosphorus analogue of an aza crown can be prepared by a template reaction. [6]