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  2. Butanol fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanol_fuel

    The octane rating of n-butanol is similar to that of gasoline but lower than that of ethanol and methanol. n-Butanol has a RON (Research Octane number) of 96 and a MON (Motor octane number) of 78 (with a resulting "(R+M)/2 pump octane number" of 87, as used in North America) while t-butanol has octane ratings of 105 RON and 89 MON.

  3. Butanol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanol

    Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C 4 H 9 O H, which occurs in five isomeric structures (four structural isomers), from a straight-chain primary alcohol to a branched-chain tertiary alcohol; [1] all are a butyl or isobutyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (sometimes represented as BuOH, sec-BuOH, i-BuOH, and t-BuOH).

  4. Liquid fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_fuel

    Butanol's only major disadvantages are its high flashpoint (35 °C or 95 °F), toxicity (note that toxicity levels exist but are not precisely confirmed), and the fact that the fermentation process for renewable butanol emits a foul odour. The Weizmann organism can only tolerate butanol levels up to 2% or so, compared to 14% for ethanol and yeast.

  5. Alcohol (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_(chemistry)

    1-propanol, 1-butanol, and isobutyl alcohol for use as a solvent and precursor to solvents; C6–C11 alcohols used for plasticizers, e.g. in polyvinylchloride; fatty alcohol (C12–C18), precursors to detergents; Methanol is the most common industrial alcohol, with about 12 million tons/y produced in 1980.

  6. Alcohol fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_fuel

    Butanol combustion: C 4 H 9 OH + 6O 2 → 4CO 2 + 5H 2 O + heat Propanol combustion: 2C 3 H 7 OH + 9O 2 → 6 CO 2 + 8H 2 O + heat The 3-carbon alcohol, propanol (C 3 H 7 OH), is not often used as a direct fuel source for petrol engines (unlike ethanol, methanol and butanol), with most being directed into use as a solvent. However, it is used ...

  7. Butane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butane

    By spraying butane directly into the throat, the jet of fluid can cool rapidly to −20 °C (−4 °F) by expansion, causing prolonged laryngospasm. [37] " Sudden sniffer's death" syndrome, first described by Bass in 1970, [ 38 ] is the most common single cause of solvent related deaths, resulting in 55% of known fatal cases.

  8. Butyric acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyric_acid

    It is one of the fatty acid subgroup called short-chain fatty acids. Butyric acid is a typical carboxylic acid that reacts with bases and affects many metals. [ 12 ] It is found in animal fat and plant oils , bovine milk , breast milk , butter , parmesan cheese , body odor , vomit and as a product of anaerobic fermentation (including in the ...

  9. Butyraldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyraldehyde

    Butyraldehyde is a component in the two-step synthesis of trimethylolpropane, which is used for the production of alkyd resins. [ 5 ] A major use of butyraldehyde is in the production of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate , a major plasticizer.