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The Japanese National Pension (Kokumin Nenkin (国民年金)) is a pension system that all registered residents of Japan, both Japanese and foreign, are required to enroll in. Since January 1, 2010, it has been managed by the Japan Pension Service .
An Individual Number (個人番号, kojin bangō), also known as My Number (マイナンバー, mai nambā), is a twelve-digit ID number automatically issued to all citizens and residents of Japan (including foreign residents) used for taxation, social security and disaster response purposes. The numbers were first issued in late 2015. [1] [2] [3]
It is the de facto Japanese equivalent to a U.S. Social Security Number. [2] The My Number Card stores information such as personal name, photo, address, birthday, and sex. Residents who wish to obtain the card can request an application form from the municipality (via a ward office or city hall) where they reside.
During the post-war period, a comprehensive system of social security was gradually established. [1] [2] Universal health insurance and a pension system were established in 1960. [3] The futures of health and welfare systems in Japan are being shaped by the rapid aging of the population. The mixture of public and private funding has created ...
So this Japanese system of elderly dependence on both national pension and corporate pension has led to an increase in relative poverty as some of them do not have access to corporate pensions. Lastly, Japan is facing an aging population. Between 1975 and 1980, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.83 children per woman (OECD average − 2.26).
Kishida took official duties online, but Cabinet ministers, bureaucrats and reporters were still required to assemble in person at the Kantei (Japanese Prime Minister's office). [9] This is because they strictly used intranet for security reasons. Thus, online meetings via the internet or actual remote work from home was not possible. [9]
The National Pension system, which is administered by the Japan Pension Service, is the state pension program, and all registered residents aged 20 to 59, both Japanese citizens and legal foreign residents, are obliged to contribute to it. Contributions are deducted from employee paychecks, while the self-employed pay a set amount.
In Japan the koseki system is used to record Japanese families and the juminhyo system is used to record individual residents. Foreigners need to register within 90 days under the premises of the laws for alien registration in Japan that creates a separate database for alien residents. [36]