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The IBM 80-column punched card format dominated the industry, becoming known as just IBM cards, even though other companies made cards and equipment to process them. [ 65 ] A 5081 card from a non-IBM manufacturer.
A single program deck, with individual subroutines marked. The markings show the effects of editing, as cards are replaced or reordered. Many early programming languages, including FORTRAN, COBOL and the various IBM assembler languages, used only the first 72 columns of a card – a tradition that traces back to the IBM 711 card reader used on the IBM 704/709/7090/7094 series (especially the ...
An IBM 80-column punched card of the type most widely used in the 20th century IBM 1442 card reader/punch for 80 column cards. A computer punched card reader or just computer card reader is a computer input device used to read computer programs in either source or executable form and data from punched cards.
The punched card system was still in use as of 2013. [72] 2011: The owner of Cardamation, Robert G. Swartz, dies, and the company, perhaps the last supplier of punch card equipment, ceases operation. [73] [74] 2015: Punched cards for time clocks and some other applications were still available; one supplier was the California Tab Card Company. [75]
Hollerith started his own business as The Hollerith Electric Tabulating System, specializing in punched card data processing equipment. [10] In 1896 he incorporated the Tabulating Machine Company. In that year he introduced the Hollerith Integrating Tabulator, which could add numbers coded on punched cards, not just count the number of holes.
Others in the series included the IBM 513 & IBM 514 Reproducing Punch. The 519, which was "state of the art for the time", [1] could: reproduce all or parts of the information on a set of cards "gangpunch" - copy information from a master card into the following detail cards; print up to eight digits on the end of a card; compare two decks of cards
Hollerith initially did business under his own name, as The Hollerith Electric Tabulating System, specializing in punched card data processing equipment. [16] He provided tabulators and other machines under contract for the Census Office, which used them for the 1890 census.
A punched card sorter is a machine for sorting decks of punched cards. Sorting was a major activity in most facilities that processed data on punched cards using unit record equipment . The work flow of many processes required decks of cards to be put into some specific order as determined by the data punched in the cards.