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The ideas of the Spanish Enlightenment, which emphasized reason, science, practicality, clarity rather than obscurantism, and secularism, were transmitted from France to the New World in the eighteenth century, following the establishment of the Bourbon monarchy in Spain. In Spanish America, the ideas of the Enlightenment affected educated ...
Despite the general anticlerical tendencies of the Enlightenment, Spain and Spanish America held Roman Catholicism as a core identity. [5] When French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte invaded the Iberian peninsula and placed Napoleon's brother Joseph on the throne of Spain, there was a crisis of legitimacy in both Spain and its overseas empire.
Ideas of the Age of Enlightenment entered Spain [a] and Spanish America [b] during the eighteenth century. The invasion of the Iberian Peninsula by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Peninsular War upended the stability of the Spanish state and empire and although France was defeated, the turmoil in Spain led to the Spanish American wars of independence ...
The Enlightenment spurred the desire for social and economic reform to spread throughout Spanish America and the Iberian Peninsula. Ideas about free trade and physiocratic economics were raised by the Enlightenment in Spain and spread to the overseas empire and a homegrown Spanish American Enlightenment. The political reforms implemented and ...
Social class in 18th-century Spain; Spanish Baroque painting; Spanish conquest of Oran (1732) Spanish Enlightenment literature; Spanish treasure fleet; Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–1737) Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–1777) Suppression of the Society of Jesus
17th c. Dutch map of the Americas Universities founded in Spanish America by the Spanish Empire The empire in the Indies was a newly established dependency of the kingdom of Castile alone, so crown power was not impeded by any existing cortes (i.e. parliament), administrative or ecclesiastical institution, or seigneurial group. [ 65 ]
A 17th–century Dutch map of the Americas. The historiography of Spanish America in multiple languages is vast and has a long history. [1] [2] [3] It dates back to the early sixteenth century with multiple competing accounts of the conquest, Spaniards’ eighteenth-century attempts to discover how to reverse the decline of its empire, [4] and people of Spanish descent born in the Americas ...
In 1776, Spain was a global empire, with territories spanning from Europe to the Americas and the Philippines. The influence of the Enlightenment was evident in the Spanish court, where ideas of rational governance, economic reform, and scientific progress were taking root under the guidance of Charles III and his enlightened ministers.