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  2. Kempyang and ketuk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kempyang_and_ketuk

    The kempyang and ketuk are two instruments in the gamelan ensemble of Indonesia, generally played by the same player, and sometimes played by the same player as the kenong. They are important beat-keepers in the colotomic structure of the gamelan. Depending on the structure, they play different, repeating patterns every gongan. Not all ...

  3. Colotomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colotomy

    Ladrang form on the phrase making or colotomic instruments. p = kempyang, t = ketuk, ⋅ = pause, N = kenong, P = kempul, GONG = gong ageng. [1] Colotomy is an Indonesian description of the rhythmic and metric patterns of gamelan music. It refers to the use of specific instruments to mark off nested time intervals, or the process of dividing ...

  4. Ministry of Cultural Affairs (Indonesia) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Cultural...

    The Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kementerian Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, abbreviated as Kemenkebud RI or Kemenkebud) is a ministry within the Indonesian Government tasked with organizing government affairs in the field of cultural advancement objects, cultural heritage, and other cultures.

  5. Negative air ions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_air_ions

    Negative ion reaction equations Negative air ions (NAI) are important air component, generally referring to the collections of negatively charged single gas molecules or ion clusters in the air. They play an essential role in maintaining the charge balance of the atmosphere.

  6. Ionic conductivity (solid state) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_conductivity_(solid...

    The mobility increases with temperature. Materials exhibiting this property are used in batteries. A well-known ion conductive solid is β''-alumina ("BASE"), a form of aluminium oxide that has channels through which sodium cations can hop. When this ceramic is complexed with a mobile ion, such as Na +, it behaves as so-called fast ion conductor.

  7. Hydrogen ion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_ion

    By definition, an acid is an ion or molecule that can donate a proton, and when introduced to a solution it will react with water molecules (H 2 O) to form a hydronium ion (H 3 O +), a conjugate acid of water. [4] For simplistic reasoning, the hydrogen ion (H +) is often used to abbreviate the hydronium ion.

  8. Nitronium ion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitronium_ion

    The nitronium ion, [N O 2] +, is a cation. It is an onium ion because its nitrogen atom has +1 charge, similar to ammonium ion [NH 4 ] + . It is created by the removal of an electron from the paramagnetic nitrogen dioxide molecule NO 2 , or the protonation of nitric acid HNO 3 (with removal of H 2 O ).

  9. Monofluorophosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monofluorophosphate

    Monofluorophosphate is an anion with the formula PO 3 F 2−, which is a phosphate group with one oxygen atom substituted with a fluoride atom.The charge of the ion is −2. The ion resembles sulfate in size, shape and charge, and can thus form compounds with the same structure as sulfate