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Metalloids are sometimes called semimetals, a practice that has been discouraged, [2] as the term semimetal has a more common usage as a specific kind of electronic band structure of a substance. In this context, only arsenic and antimony are semimetals, and commonly recognised as metalloids.
The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.
The common oxide of selenium (SeO 3) is strongly acidic. Tellurium. Tellurium is a silvery-white, moderately reactive, [8] shiny solid, that has a density of 6.24 g/cm 3 and is soft (MH 2.25) and brittle. It is the softest of the commonly recognised metalloids.
This is a list of 194 sources that list elements classified as metalloids. The sources are listed in chronological order. Lists of metalloids differ since there is no rigorous widely accepted definition of metalloid (or its occasional alias, 'semi-metal'). Individual lists share common ground, with variations occurring at the margins.
In 1811, Berzelius referred to nonmetallic elements as metalloids, [17] [18] in reference to their ability to form oxyanions. [19] [20] A common oxyanion of sulfur, for example, is the sulfate ion SO 2− 4. Many metals can do the same. Chromium, for instance, can form the chromate ion CrO 2− 4.
This line has been called the amphoteric line, [2] the metal-nonmetal line, [3] the metalloid line, [4] [5] the semimetal line, [6] or the staircase. [2] [n 1] While it has also been called the Zintl border [8] or the Zintl line [9] [10] these terms instead refer to a vertical line sometimes drawn between groups 13 and 14.
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Another common classification is by degree of metallic or nonmetallic behaviour and characteristics. Elements in the vicinity of where the metals and nonmetals meet are sometime classified as metalloids or an equivalent term. These two to three classes are commonly marked by differing background colors in the periodic table.