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The equivalence principle is the hypothesis that this numerical equality of inertial and gravitational mass is a consequence of their fundamental identity. [1]: 32 The equivalence principle can be considered an extension of the principle of relativity, the principle that the laws of physics are invariant under uniform motion
In turn, these experiments led to the modern understanding of the equivalence principle encoded in general relativity, which states that the gravitational and inertial masses are the same. It is sufficient for the inertial mass to be proportional to the gravitational mass.
The principle yields an equivalent problem for a radiation problem by introducing an imaginary closed surface and fictitious surface current densities.It is an extension of Huygens–Fresnel principle, which describes each point on a wavefront as a spherical wave source.
The principle of equivalence implies gravitational time dilation. [p 12] It is important to realize that Einstein's arguments predicting gravitational time dilation are valid for any theory of gravity that respects the principle of equivalence. This includes Newtonian gravitation.
The mass–energy equivalence in special relativity refers to the inertial mass. However, already in the context of Newtonian gravity, the weak equivalence principle is postulated: the gravitational and the inertial mass of every object are the same. Thus, the mass–energy equivalence, combined with the weak equivalence principle, results in ...
Physicist Steven Weinberg has presented a derivation of the geodesic equation of motion directly from the equivalence principle. [2] The first step in such a derivation is to suppose that a free falling particle does not accelerate in the neighborhood of a point-event with respect to a freely falling coordinate system ().
In general relativity, the equivalence principle is the equivalence of gravitational and inertial mass. At the core of this assertion is Albert Einstein's idea that the gravitational force as experienced locally while standing on a massive body (such as the Earth) is the same as the pseudo-force experienced by an observer in a non- inertial (i ...
Einstein's equivalence principle. Another example of a basic statement is "The inert mass of this object is ten times larger than its gravitational mass." ...