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Carbonic anhydrase helps maintain acid–base homeostasis, regulate pH, and fluid balance. Depending on its location, the role of the enzyme changes slightly. For example, carbonic anhydrase produces acid in the stomach lining. In the kidney, the control of bicarbonate ions influences the water content of the cell.
Other forms of carbonic anhydrase enzyme are not present in the plasma, restricting the equilibrium reaction of CO 2 + H 2 O = H 2 CO 3 = H+ HCO − 3. CO 2 in the plasma diffuses into the Red Blood Cell. CA is present within the Red Blood Cell, facilitating the conversion of CO 2 to HCO − 3. HCO − 3 so produced is transferred by the HCO −
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are a class of pharmaceuticals that suppress the activity of carbonic anhydrase. Their clinical use has been established as anti- glaucoma agents, diuretics , antiepileptics , in the management of mountain sickness , gastric and duodenal ulcers , idiopathic intracranial hypertension , neurological disorders , or ...
The reaction catalyzed by CA1 is the same as other carbonic anhydrase family proteins: + (in tissues - high CO 2 concentration) [9]. The CA1-catalyzed reaction has a relatively low reaction affinity (Km) of 4.0 mM for CO 2, [7] [10] turnover number (Kcat) of 2 × 10 5 s −1, and catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) of 5 × 10 7 M −1 s −1 comparing to other isozymes of the α-CA family of ...
The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism involving the balance of carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3), bicarbonate ion (HCO − 3), and carbon dioxide (CO 2) in order to maintain pH in the blood and duodenum, among other tissues, to support proper metabolic function. [1] Catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ...
71934 Ensembl ENSG00000185015 ENSMUSG00000027555 UniProt Q8N1Q1 Q9D6N1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_198584 NM_024495 RefSeq (protein) NP_940986 NP_078771 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 85.22 – 85.28 Mb Chr 3: 14.71 – 14.73 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Carbonic anhydrase 13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CA13 gene. Function Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of ...
Carbonic anhydrase II (gene name CA2) is one of sixteen forms of human α carbonic anhydrases. [5] Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Defects in this enzyme are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis. Renal carbonic anhydrase allows the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule.
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid.