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Indigenous traditions still exist today in other regions of the Philippines. [5] Parts of Filipino wedding ceremonies have become faith-centered and God-centered, which also highlights the concept that the union of two individuals is a "life long commitment" of loving and caring.
A funeral procession in the Philippines, 2009. During the Pre-Hispanic period the early Filipinos believed in a concept of life after death. [1] This belief, which stemmed from indigenous ancestral veneration and was strengthened by strong family and community relations within tribes, prompted the Filipinos to create burial customs to honor the dead through prayers and rituals.
The profusion of different terms arises from the fact that these Indigenous religions mostly flourished in the pre-colonial period before the Philippines had become a single nation. [8] The various peoples of the Philippines spoke different languages and thus used different terms to describe their religious beliefs.
Some of the rituals attempt to define the future, appease spirits, ask for good harvests, invoke protection, heal the sick, asking for good luck, guidance and counsel. Almost every facet of Filipino life is linked to a ritual practice and is an indication of the value and pervasiveness of rituals in folk culture.
These ceremonies and rituals takes place on all levels, ranging from rituals perform within the family, to those led by the community's leader on behalf of the people. Such celebrations call for special structures to be built, such as ceremonial platforms and rafts. Rituals offering include rice, chicken and betel nut. [1]
The culture of the Philippines is characterized by great ethnic diversity. [1] Although the multiple ethnic groups of the Philippine archipelago have only recently established a shared Filipino national identity, [2] their cultures were all shaped by the geography and history of the region, [3] [4] and by centuries of interaction with neighboring cultures, and colonial powers.
The Philippines, with the National Commission for Culture and the Arts [1] as the de facto Ministry of Culture, [2] ratified the 2003 Convention after its formal deposit in August 2006. [3] This implies that there is an obligation to carry out the objectives of the convention to ensure the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage.
The Philippines's archaeological finds include many ancient gold artifacts. [24] [25] Most of them have been dated to belong to the 9th century. The artifacts reflect the iconography of the Vajrayana Buddhism and its influences on the Philippines's early states. [26] Some of the iconography and artifacts are exampled