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  2. Virtue ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtue_ethics

    Virtue ethics is usually contrasted with two other major approaches in ethics, consequentialism and deontology, which make the goodness of outcomes of an action (consequentialism) and the concept of moral duty (deontology) central. While virtue ethics does not necessarily deny the importance to ethics of goodness of states of affairs or of ...

  3. An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Enquiry_Concerning_the...

    The key distinction between these virtue classes is their origin. Artificial virtues originate from and depend on social structures such as courts and parliaments. This category of virtues include fidelity, justice, chastity and adherence to law. Natural virtues are not created but are automatically present in humans since birth.

  4. Nicomachean Ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicomachean_Ethics

    VIII Aristotle views magnanimity as "a sort of adornment of the moral virtues; for it makes them greater, and it does not arise without them". [60] Aristotle considers what things are most worthy. Of external goods, the greatest is honor, because this is what we assign to gods, and this is what people of the highest standing target. Aristotle ...

  5. Kantian ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantian_ethics

    The Doctrine of Virtue is concerned with duties of virtue or "ends that are at the same time duties." [43] It is here, in the domain of ethics, that The Metaphysics of Morals's greatest innovation is to be found. According to Kant's account, "ordinary moral reasoning is fundamentally teleological—it is reasoning about what ends we are ...

  6. Evolution of morality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_morality

    The concept of the evolution of morality refers to the emergence of human moral behavior over the course of human evolution. Morality can be defined as a system of ideas about right and wrong conduct. In everyday life, morality is typically associated with human behavior rather than animal behavior.

  7. Ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics

    According to Aristotle, how to lead a good life is one of the central questions of ethics. [1]Ethics, also called moral philosophy, is the study of moral phenomena. It is one of the main branches of philosophy and investigates the nature of morality and the principles that govern the moral evaluation of conduct, character traits, and institutions.

  8. Virtue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtue

    Virtues lead to punya (पुण्य, [31] holy living) in Hindu literature; while vices lead to pap (पाप, sin). Sometimes, the word punya is used interchangeably with virtue. [32] The virtues that constitute a dharmic life – that is a moral, ethical, virtuous life – evolved in vedas and upanishads. Over time, new virtues were ...

  9. Aristotelian ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelian_ethics

    Rather than discussing only four "cardinal virtues" of Plato (courage, temperance, justice, and prudence), all three of the ethical works start with courage and temperance as the two typical moral virtues which can be described as a mean, go on to discuss a whole range of minor virtues and vices which can be described as a mean, and only after ...