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Inverse spinel structures have a different cation distribution in that all of the A cations and half of the B cations occupy octahedral sites, while the other half of the B cations occupy tetrahedral sites. An example of an inverse spinel is Fe 3 O 4, if the Fe 2+ (A 2+) ions are d 6 high-spin and the Fe 3+ (B 3+) ions are d 5 high-spin.
Filipstadite is a very rare mineral [4] of the spinel group, with the formula (Mn,Mg)(Sb 5+ 0.5 Fe 3 + 0.5)O 4. [5] It is isometric, [3] although it was previously thought to be orthorhombic. When compared to a typical spinel, both the octahedral and tetrahedral sites are split due to cation ordering. [3] Filipstadite is chemically close to ...
Optogenetics is a biological technique to control the activity of neurons or other cell types with light. This is achieved by expression of light-sensitive ion channels, pumps or enzymes specifically in the target cells.
CdIn 2 S 4 exhibits the spinel structure, which can be described by a cubic unit cell with 8 tetrahedrally coordinated and 16 tetrahedrally coordinated cation sites. The distribution of Cd(II) and In(III) over the cation sites is difficult to elucidate from standard X-ray diffraction techniques because the two species are isoelectronic, but both Raman spectroscopy measurements on synthetic ...
Blue light has a significant impact on numerous physiological processes in human health. [3] The widespread use of blue light in modern technology brings up a concern about the potential consequences of excessive blue light exposure. [4] Such exposure has been associated with disruptions in ocular health, sleep patterns, and well-being. [4] [5]
WC-2 is a GATA transcription factor necessary for blue light photoreception and for regulating circadian rhythms in Neurospora. In both contexts, WC-2 binds to its non- redundant counterpart White Collar-1 (WC-1) through PAS domains to form the White Collar Complex (WCC), an active transcription factor .
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The blue-light sensitive ChR2 and the yellow light-activated chloride pump halorhodopsin together enable multiple-color optical activation and silencing of neural activity. [ 64 ] [ 65 ] Another interesting pair is the blue-light sensitive chloride channel Gt ACR2 [ 66 ] and the red-light sensitive cation channel Chrimson [ 67 ] which have been ...