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Lukas Chrostowski, Michael Hochberg, "Process design kit (PDK)", section 10.1 in, Silicon Photonics Design, Cambridge University Press, 2015 ISBN 1107085454. Michael Liehr et al., "Silicon photonics integrated circuit process design kit", section 4.8 in, Alan Willner (ed), Optical Fiber Telecommunications, vol. 11, Elsevier, 2019 ISBN 0128165022.
An optical transistor, also known as an optical switch or a light valve, is a device that switches or amplifies optical signals.Light occurring on an optical transistor's input changes the intensity of light emitted from the transistor's output while output power is supplied by an additional optical source.
ACS Photonics is a monthly, peer-reviewed, scientific journal, first published in January 2014 by the American Chemical Society. The current editor in chief is Romain Quidant ( ETH Zurich ). The interdisciplinary journal publishes original research articles, letters, comments, reviews and perspectives.
A further array-based switch engine uses an array of individual reflective MEMS mirrors to perform the necessary beam steering (Figure 5 [5] (to be uploaded). These arrays are typically a derivative of the Texas Instruments DLP range of spatial light modulators. In this case, the angle of the MEMs mirrors is changed to deflect the beam.
The Kerr effect, also called the quadratic electro-optic (QEO) effect, is a change in the refractive index of a material in response to an applied electric field.The Kerr effect is distinct from the Pockels effect in that the induced index change for the Kerr effect is directly proportional to the square of the electric field instead of varying linearly with it.
"The 8 Most Wildly Irresponsible Vintage Toys" -- page 1 and page 2 at Cracked.com: Includes humorous discussions of some of A.C. Gilbert's more ill-advised products for pre-teens: A glass blowing kit (#8); a molten lead casting kit (#7); a chemistry set (#3) which included potassium permanganate, ammonium nitrate and instructions on how to ...
Silicon photonics has been used in artificial intelligence inference processors that are more energy efficient than those using conventional transistors. This can be done using Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) which can be combined with nanoelectromechanical systems to modulate the light passing though it, by physically bending the MZI which ...
Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) are commonly used as optical (de)multiplexers in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) systems. These devices are capable of multiplexing many wavelengths into a single optical fiber, thereby increasing the transmission capacity of optical networks considerably.