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  2. B cell growth and differentiation factors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_cell_growth_and...

    The most common simplified overview description of the B cell differentiation pathway involves the following steps: an antigen interacts with the corresponding surface membrane immunoglobulin after which the B cell begins expressing receptors for growth factors secreted by T cells (BCGFs and IL-2), after these factors bind, the lymphocytes ...

  3. Haematopoiesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haematopoiesis

    Diagram showing the development of different blood cells from haematopoietic stem cell to mature cells. Haematopoiesis (/ h ɪ ˌ m æ t ə p ɔɪ ˈ iː s ɪ s, ˌ h iː m ə t oʊ-, ˌ h ɛ m ə-/; [1] [2] from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and ποιεῖν (poieîn) 'to make'; also hematopoiesis in American English, sometimes h(a)emopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular ...

  4. B cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_cell

    B cell activation: from immature B cell to plasma cell or memory B cell Basic B cell function: bind to an antigen, receive help from a cognate helper T cell, and differentiate into a plasma cell that secretes large numbers of antibodies. B cell activation occurs in the secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), such as the spleen and lymph nodes. [1]

  5. Lymphopoiesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphopoiesis

    B lymphopoiesis occurs exclusively in the bone marrow and B lymphocytes are made continuously throughout life there in a 'microenvironment' composed of stromal cells, extracellular matrix, cytokines and growth factors, which are critical for proliferation, differentiation, and survival of early lymphocyte and B-lineage precursors.

  6. Clone (B-cell) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clone_(B-cell)

    The process of immunological B-cell maturation involves transformation from an undifferentiated B cell to one that secretes antibodies with particular specificity. [1] This differentiation and activation of the B cell occurs most rapidly after exposure to antigen by antigen-presenting cells in the reticuloendothelial system, and under modulation by T cells, and is closely intertwined with ...

  7. Interleukin 4 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_4

    Interleukin 4 has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B cell and T cell proliferation, and the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. It is a key regulator in humoral and adaptive immunity. IL-4 induces B cell class switching to IgE, and up-regulates MHC class II production.

  8. Polyclonal B cell response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyclonal_B_cell_response

    Many unique B cell clones may be able to bind to the individual epitopes. This imparts even greater multiplicity to the overall response. [3] All of these B cells can become activated and produce large colonies of plasma cell clones, each of which can secrete up to 1000 antibody molecules against each epitope per second. [21]

  9. Granulopoiesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulopoiesis

    The master regulator of steady state granulopoiesis is C/EBPα. It restricts the cell cycle of immature cells by inhibition of CDK2 and CDK4 and promotes granulocytic differentiation. [14] Steady state production of granulocytes is activated after the engulfment of apoptotic granulocytes by tissue macrophages. [15]

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