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  2. Leidenfrost effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidenfrost_effect

    Leidenfrost droplet Demonstration of the Leidenfrost effect Leidenfrost effect of a single drop of water. The Leidenfrost effect is a physical phenomenon in which a liquid, close to a solid surface of another body that is significantly hotter than the liquid's boiling point, produces an insulating vapor layer that keeps the liquid from boiling rapidly.

  3. Vacuum evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_evaporation

    The vacuum evaporation treatment process consists of reducing the interior pressure of the evaporation chamber below atmospheric pressure. This reduces the boiling point of the liquid to be evaporated, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for heat in both the boiling and condensation processes.

  4. Mpemba effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpemba_effect

    Evaporation: The evaporation of the warmer water reduces the mass of the water to be frozen. [22] Evaporation is endothermic, meaning that the water mass is cooled by vapor carrying away the heat, but this alone probably does not account for the entirety of the effect. [5] Convection, accelerating heat transfers: Reduction of water density ...

  5. Antifreeze - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifreeze

    An antifreeze is an additive which lowers the freezing point of a water-based liquid. An antifreeze mixture is used to achieve freezing-point depression for cold environments. Common antifreezes also increase the boiling point of the liquid, allowing higher coolant temperature. [1]

  6. Evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation

    Evaporation is an essential part of the water cycle. The sun (solar energy) drives evaporation of water from oceans, lakes, moisture in the soil, and other sources of water. In hydrology, evaporation and transpiration (which involves evaporation within plant stomata) are collectively termed evapotranspiration. Evaporation of water occurs when ...

  7. Vacuum cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_cooling

    Vacuum cooling is a rapid cooling technique for any porous product that has free water and uses the principle of evaporative cooling.Vacuum cooling is generally used for cooling food products that have a high water content and large porosities, due to its efficacy in losing water from both within and outside the products.

  8. Evaporator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporator

    Typically, the vapor is passed over a cold finger or coil so that the vaporized material does not damage the pump. The rotary evaporator is best used for removing solvent from solutions containing the desired product that will not vaporize at the operating pressure to separate the volatile components of a mixture from non-volatile materials.

  9. Degassing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degassing

    The most efficient method of industrial oil degassing is vacuum processing, which removes air and water solved in the oil. [6] This can be achieved by: spraying of oil in large vacuum chambers; distributing the oil into a thin layer over special surfaces (spiral rings, Raschig rings etc) in vacuum chambers.