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The most well-known health issue involving porphobilinogen deaminase is acute intermittent porphyria, an autosomal dominant genetic disorder where insufficient hydroxymethylbilane is produced, leading to a build-up of porphobilinogen in the cytoplasm. This is caused by a gene mutation that, in 90% of cases, causes decreased amounts of enzyme.
Porphyria / p ɔːr ˈ f ɪr i ə / is a group of disorders in which substances called porphyrins build up in the body, adversely affecting the skin or nervous system. [1] The types that affect the nervous system are also known as acute porphyria, as symptoms are rapid in onset and short in duration. [1]
The disease can present during early childhood (as well as in adulthood) with acute neurologic symptoms that resemble those encountered in acute intermittent porphyria. [1] Patients can also have gastrointestinal symptoms during acute attacks, including abdominal cramping, vomiting, and constipation. [2]
Variegate porphyria, also known by several other names, is an autosomal dominant porphyria [3] that can have acute (severe but usually not long-lasting) symptoms along with symptoms that affect the skin. The disorder results from low levels of the enzyme responsible for the seventh step in heme production.
Hereditary coproporphyria (HCP) is a disorder of heme biosynthesis, classified as an acute hepatic porphyria. [1] HCP is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme coproporphyrinogen oxidase, coded for by the CPOX gene, and is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, although homozygous individuals have been identified.
Evaluation for acute (intermittent) porphyria [1] Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture [1] for infectious/ inflammatory diseases; Evaluation of nerve conduction study for autonomic neuropathy; Evaluation of brain and spinal magnetic resonance imaging for myelopathy, stroke and multiple system atrophy
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (or commonly called EPP) is a form of porphyria, which varies in severity and can be very painful.It arises from a deficiency in the enzyme ferrochelatase, leading to abnormally high levels of protoporphyrin in the red blood cells (erythrocytes), plasma, skin, and liver. [2]
Acute intermittent porphyria: ALA DD Doss porphyria/ALA dehydratase deficiency/Plumboporphyria (the disease is known by multiple names) ALD Alcoholic liver disease: ALI Acute lung injury: ALL Acute lymphoblastic lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia: ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: AMD Age-related macular degeneration: AML Acute myelogenous ...