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  2. VESA BIOS Extensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA_BIOS_Extensions

    1: 32-bit is really (8:8:8:8), but the final 8-bit number is an "empty" alpha channel. It is otherwise equal to 24-bit colour. Many GPUs use 32-bit colour mode instead of 24-bit mode merely for faster video memory access through 32-bit memory alignment. VGA= 864 [ 352 (0160h)] also appears to select 1280 ×800 (8-bit) for various laptops' displays.

  3. 2 GB limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_GB_limit

    The 2 GB limit refers to a physical memory barrier for a process running on a 32-bit operating system, which can only use a maximum of 2 GB of memory. [1] The problem mainly affects 32-bit versions of operating systems like Microsoft Windows and Linux, although some variants of the latter can overcome this barrier. [2]

  4. 3 GB barrier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3_GB_barrier

    Many 32-bit computers have 32 physical address bits and are thus limited to 4 GiB (2 32 words) of memory. [3] [4] x86 processors prior to the Pentium Pro have 32 or fewer physical address bits; however, most x86 processors since the Pentium Pro, which was first sold in 1995, have the Physical Address Extension (PAE) mechanism, [5]: 445 which allows addressing up to 64 GiB (2 36 words) of memory.

  5. List of Microsoft Windows components - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows...

    View notifications sent from apps and change common settings Windows 10: Command Prompt: Text-based shell (command line interpreter) that provides a command line interface to the operating system Windows NT 3.1: Windows PowerShell: Command-line shell and scripting framework. Windows XP: Windows Shell: The most visible and recognizable aspect of ...

  6. Windows Driver Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Driver_Model

    Common device driver compatibility issues include: a 32-bit device driver is required for a 32-bit Windows operating system, and a 64-bit device driver is required for a 64-bit Windows operating system. 64-bit device drivers must be signed by Microsoft, because they run in kernel mode and have unrestricted access to the computer hardware. For ...

  7. Windows System Assessment Tool - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_System_Assessment_Tool

    The WEI includes five subscores: processor, memory, 2D graphics, 3D graphics, and disk; the basescore is equal to the lowest of the subscores and is not an average of the subscores. [1] [2] WinSAT reports WEI scores on a scale from 1.0 to 5.9 for Windows Vista, [3] 7.9 for Windows 7, [4] and 9.9 for Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, and ...

  8. Windows on Windows - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_on_Windows

    Many 16-bit Windows legacy programs can run without changes on newer 32-bit editions of Windows. The reason designers made this possible was to allow software developers time to remedy their software during the industry transition from Windows 3.1x to Windows 95 and later, without restricting the ability for the operating system to be upgraded to a current version before all programs used by a ...

  9. Accelerated Graphics Port - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port

    Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) is a parallel expansion card standard, designed for attaching a video card to a computer system to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. It was originally designed as a successor to PCI -type connections for video cards.