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The region under British control was known as British Burma, and officially known as Burma (Burmese: မြန်မာပြည်) [1] from 1886. [ 2 ] Some portions of Burmese territories, including Arakan and Tenasserim , were annexed by the British after their victory in the First Anglo-Burmese War ; Lower Burma was annexed in 1852 after ...
The Anglo-Burmese Wars were an armed conflict between two expanding empires, the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty, that became British India‘s most expensive and longest war, costing 5–13 million pounds sterling (£400 million – £1.1 billion as of 2019) and spanning over 60 years.
The British separated Burma from India in 1937 and granted the colony a new constitution calling for a fully elected assembly, but this proved to be a divisive issue as some Burmese felt that this was a ploy to exclude them from any further Indian reforms whereas other Burmese saw any action that removed Burma from the control of India to be a ...
It created the second-largest empire in Burmese history [10] and continued the administrative reforms begun by the Toungoo dynasty, laying the foundations of the modern state of Burma. The reforms, however, proved insufficient to stem the advance of the British Empire , who defeated the Burmese in all three Anglo-Burmese Wars over a six-decade ...
Photograph of one of King Thibaw's steamers on the Irrawaddy, 26 November 1885. Photographer: Hooper, Willoughby Wallace (1837–1912). At this time the country was one of dense jungle, and was therefore unfavourable for military operations, the British knew little of the interior of Upper Burma; but British steamers had for years been running on the great river highway of the Irrawaddy River ...
The British reason for the war was, in addition to expanding British Bengal's sphere of influence, the desire for new markets for British manufacturing. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The British were also anxious to deny the French the use of Burmese harbours and concerned about French influence at the Court of Ava , as the kingdom was still known to them. [ 15 ]
On 4 January 1948, the Union of Burma declared its independence from the United Kingdom, immediately leaving the Commonwealth and severing all ties with the British Empire. The British left protection clauses in the Constitution and the legislative makeup of independent Burma to take account of the Anglo-Burman people including, most ...
The Second Anglo-Burmese War or the Second Burma War (Burmese: ဒုတိယ အင်္ဂလိပ် မြန်မာ စစ် [dṵtḭja̰ ɪ́ɰ̃ɡəleɪʔ mjəmà sɪʔ]; 5 April 1852 – 20 January 1853) was the second of the three wars fought between the Burmese Empire and British Empire during the 19th century.