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  2. PCI Express - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express

    A PCI Express card fits into a slot of its physical size or larger (with x16 as the largest used), but may not fit into a smaller PCI Express slot; for example, a x16 card may not fit into a x4 or x8 slot. Some slots use open-ended sockets to permit physically longer cards and negotiate the best available electrical and logical connection.

  3. Riser card - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riser_card

    A riser card inside an IBM PS/2, featuring MCA slots Motherboard of an IBM PS/ValuePoint personal computer model (c. from 1993 to 1995) with an Intel i486SX microprocessor, with an elongated connector (black, horizontally in the middle/left between upper and lower edge) for the riser card on which the ISA bus slots were located

  4. Root complex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_complex

    The PCIe Root Complex holds a master copy of a 'Type 1 Configuration Table' that defines the host memory space that is accessible from each Endpoint device. In addition, each PCIe Endpoint device holds a master copy of their own memory space map in the host system memory as a 'Type 0 Configuration Table', this configuration table in each device ...

  5. Peripheral Component Interconnect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_Component...

    A typical 32-bit, 5 V-only PCI card, in this case, a SCSI adapter from Adaptec A motherboard with two 32-bit PCI slots and two sizes of PCI Express slots. Work on PCI began at the Intel Architecture Labs (IAL, also Architecture Development Lab) c. 1990. A team of primarily IAL engineers defined the architecture and developed a proof of concept ...

  6. CPU socket - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_socket

    In computer hardware, a CPU socket or CPU slot contains one or more mechanical components providing mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB). This allows for placing and replacing the central processing unit (CPU) without soldering.

  7. Southbridge (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southbridge_(computing)

    Low speed PCI Express (PCIe) interfaces usually for Ethernet and NVMe. ISA bus or LPC bridge. ISA slots are no longer provided on more recent motherboards. The LPC bridge provides a data and control path to the super I/O (the normal attachment for the PS/2 keyboard and mouse, parallel port, serial port, IR port, and floppy controller). SMBus ...

  8. Compute Express Link - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compute_Express_Link

    On August 2, 2022, the CXL Specification 3.0 was released, based on PCIe 6.0 physical interface and PAM-4 coding with double the bandwidth; new features include fabrics capabilities with multi-level switching and multiple device types per port, and enhanced coherency with peer-to-peer DMA and memory sharing.

  9. I/O Controller Hub - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/O_Controller_Hub

    I/O Controller Hub (ICH) is a family of Intel southbridge microchips used to manage data communications between a CPU and a motherboard, specifically Intel chipsets based on the Intel Hub Architecture. It is designed to be paired with a second support chip known as a northbridge. As with any other southbridge, the ICH is used to connect and ...