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Horseshoe crabs have been described as "living fossils", having changed little since they first appeared in the Triassic. Only four species of horseshoe crab are extant today. Most are marine, though the mangrove horseshoe crab is often found in brackish water. Additionally, certain extinct species transitioned to living in freshwater.
A living fossil is an extant taxon that phenotypically resembles related species known only from the fossil record. To be considered a living fossil, the fossil species must be old relative to the time of origin of the extant clade. Living fossils commonly are of species-poor lineages, but they need not be.
Currently, there are only four living species. Xiphosura contains one suborder, Xiphosurida, and several stem-genera. The group has hardly changed in appearance in hundreds of millions of years; the modern horseshoe crabs look almost identical to prehistoric genera and are considered to be living fossils. The most notable difference between ...
Predating dinosaurs, the horseshoe crab has roamed the earth for 445 million years, surviving five mass extinctions and three ice ages, but overfishing and habitat loss pose the greatest challenge ...
The tiny crab bridges an evolutionary gap that stumped scientists for years. Fossil stuck in 100 million-year-old amber is oldest "true crab" ever discovered Skip to main content
The oldest known horseshoe crab, Lunataspis aurora, 4 centimetres (1.6 in) from head to tail-tip, has been identified in 445-million-year-old Ordovician strata in Manitoba. [37] Horseshoe crabs are often referred to as living fossils, as they have changed little in the last 445 million years. [9]
The Oldest Living Organism Is Over 2 Billion Years Old Scientists have identified the oldest living species on Earth is a deep sea organism that hasn't evolved in more than two billion years.
Previously considered to be the oldest known true crab, a 2010 revision concluded that Eocarcinus could not be accommodated among the Brachyura, and was instead transferred to the Anomura. [6] However, a 2020 reanalysis found that it was again the earliest known stem-group crab, but that it had not undergone the process of carcinisation. [2]