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2. Surge protector - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surge_protector

   Surge Protection Device (SPD) for installation in a low-voltage distribution board. A surge protector (or spike suppressor, surge suppressor, surge diverter, [1] surge protection device (SPD), transient voltage suppressor (TVS) or transient voltage surge suppressor (TVSS)) is an appliance or device intended to protect electrical devices in alternating current (AC) circuits from voltage spikes ...

3. IEC 61000-4-5 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61000-4-5

   The "1.2/50 μs" generator is designed for insulation testing, and produces a high-voltage, low-current impulse into a high-impedance load. The output current of this generator is on the milliampere scale. [2] [5] The "8/20 μs" generator is designed for surge arrester testing, and produces a high-current surge into a low-impedance load. [2]

4. Surge control - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surge_control

   Surge suppressors perform surge relief by acting as a pulsation dampener. Most suppressors have a metal tank with an internal elastic bladder in it. Within the tank they pressurize the top of the bladder with a compressed gas while the product comes in the bottom of the pressure vessel. The gas in the bladder is supplying the system with its ...

5. Line trap - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_trap

   The trap consists of three major components: the main coil, the tuning device, and the protective device (also known as a surge arrester). The protective and tuning devices are mounted inside the main coil. A line trap may be covered with a bird barrier, in which case there are four components. [2]

6. Inrush current - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inrush_current

   Inrush current, input surge current, or switch-on surge is the maximal instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when first turned on. Alternating-current electric motors and transformers may draw several times their normal full-load current when first energized, for a few cycles of the input waveform.

7. Varistor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varistor

   A user may have no indication that the surge suppressor has failed. Under the right conditions of over-voltage and line impedance, it may be possible to cause the MOV to burst into flames, [ 22 ] the root cause of many fires [ 23 ] which is the main reason for NFPA's concern resulting in UL1449 in 1986 and subsequent revisions in 1998 and 2009.