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  2. Comparison of programming languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    Most programming languages are not standardized by an international (or national) standard, even widely used ones, such as Perl or Standard ML (despite the name). Notable standardized programming languages include ALGOL , C , C++ , JavaScript (under the name ECMAScript ), Smalltalk , Prolog , Common Lisp , Scheme ( IEEE standard), ISLISP , Ada ...

  3. Common Language Infrastructure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructure

    The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is an open specification and technical standard originally developed by Microsoft and standardized by ISO/IEC (ISO/IEC 23271) and Ecma International (ECMA 335) [1] [2] that describes executable code and a runtime environment that allows multiple high-level languages to be used on different computer platforms without being rewritten for specific ...

  4. ML (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ML_(programming_language)

    ML (Meta Language) is a general-purpose, high-level, functional programming language.It is known for its use of the polymorphic Hindley–Milner type system, which automatically assigns the data types of most expressions without requiring explicit type annotations (type inference), and ensures type safety; there is a formal proof that a well-typed ML program does not cause runtime type errors. [1]

  5. Managed Extensions for C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_Extensions_for_C++

    Managed C++ is geared towards object-oriented programming. A major difference between standard C++ and Managed C++ is that multiple inheritance is not supported, and a class managed under the CLR's garbage collector cannot inherit more than one class. This is because of a limitation of the CLR.

  6. Common Type System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_System

    It is intended to allow programs written in different programming languages to easily share information. As used in programming languages, a type can be described as a definition of a set of values (for example, "all integers between 0 and 10"), and the allowable operations on those values (for example, addition and subtraction).

  7. Multilevel security - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilevel_security

    Multilevel security or multiple levels of security (MLS) is the application of a computer system to process information with incompatible classifications (i.e., at different security levels), permit access by users with different security clearances and needs-to-know, and prevent users from obtaining access to information for which they lack authorization.

  8. Compatibility of C and C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatibility_of_C_and_C++

    Differences between C and C++ linkage and calling conventions can also have subtle implications for code that uses function pointers. Some compilers will produce non-working code if a function pointer declared extern "C" points to a C++ function that is not declared extern "C". [22] For example, the following code:

  9. High-level programming language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-level_programming...

    In computer science, a high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer.In contrast to low-level programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to use, or may automate (or even hide entirely) significant areas of computing systems (e.g. memory management), making the process of developing a program ...