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Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C 5 H 12 —that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of three structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, pentane means exclusively the n-pentane isomer, in which case pentanes refers to a mixture of them; the other two are called isopentane (methylbutane) and neopentane ...
Number of isomers [3] [4] Number of isomers including stereoisomers [3] [5] Molecular Formula Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride ...
Functional isomers are structural isomers which have different functional groups, resulting in significantly different chemical and physical properties. [ 11 ] An example is the pair propanal H 3 C–CH 2 –C(=O)-H and acetone H 3 C–C(=O)–CH 3 : the first has a –C(=O)H functional group, which makes it an aldehyde , whereas the second has ...
7 Pentane. Toggle Pentane subsection. 7.1 Hexamethyl. 7.2 Ethyl+Tetramethyl. ... This is the list of 159 isomers of undecane. Straight-chain. Undecane; Decane.
The number of possible isomers increases rapidly with the number of carbon atoms. For example, for acyclic alkanes: [3] C 1: methane only; C 2: ethane only; C 3: propane only; C 4: 2 isomers: butane and isobutane; C 5: 3 isomers: pentane, isopentane, and neopentane; C 6: 5 isomers: hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane ...
Toggle Pentane subsection. 6.1 Dimethyl+Propyl. 6.2 Diethyl+Methyl. 6.3 Ethyl+Trimethyl. 6.4 Pentamethyl. 7 References. Toggle the table of contents. List of isomers ...
Therefore, neopentane is a gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, while the other two isomers are (barely) liquids. The melting point of neopentane (−16.6 °C), on the other hand, is 140 degrees higher than that of isopentane (−159.9 °C) and 110 degrees higher than that of n -pentane (−129.8 °C).
Cracking of n-octane to give pentane and propene. Related to this is catalytic dehydrogenation, where an alkane loses hydrogen at high temperatures to produce a corresponding alkene. [1] This is the reverse of the catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes. Dehydrogenation of butane to give butadiene and isomers of butene. This process is also known as ...